2013年研究生入學(xué)考試已經(jīng)正式開戰(zhàn)了。上午政治的考試還在如火如荼地進(jìn)行中。文都考研編輯在這里為下午備戰(zhàn)英語的考生提供一些關(guān)于寫作的應(yīng)急策略，相信一定能幫到你!

　　很多同學(xué)在寫英語作文時(shí)都感覺自己的詞匯量實(shí)在是太少了，很多難詞記不住，想表達(dá)內(nèi)心的想法時(shí)遇到了瓶頸，不知如何下筆，以至于浪費(fèi)了不少寶貴的時(shí)間。其實(shí)我們也可以用有限的詞匯寫出精彩的作文，請(qǐng)看下面：

　　一、換用籠統(tǒng)詞

　　詞大體可分為兩類：籠統(tǒng)詞和具體詞�；\統(tǒng)詞的特點(diǎn)在于意義廣泛、搭配性強(qiáng)。雖然它們獨(dú)自不能精確表達(dá)一個(gè)動(dòng)作，但在構(gòu)成詞組以后可替代很多具體詞。寫作中遇到一些具體詞寫不出來的時(shí)候，用籠統(tǒng)詞取代，能收到異曲同工之妙。比較常用的籠統(tǒng)詞有 have，take等。

　　例：邁克經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)極其艱苦的時(shí)代。Mike experienced a terrible hard time.寫作時(shí)，若忘記了experience可用籠統(tǒng)詞have代替，寫成Mike had a terrible hard time.同樣能收到預(yù)期效果。這樣的例子還很多。如：

　　Do you understand my meaning, sir? = Do you take my meaning, sir?

　　I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.

　　I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.

　　They occupied the city. = They took the city.

　　The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.

　　從以上的例句不難看出，具體詞音節(jié)較多，使用頻率不高，容易遺忘，而籠統(tǒng)詞則不然。因此，在作文應(yīng)試中，籠統(tǒng)詞取代具體詞，不失為一種應(yīng)急良策。

　　二、換用同義詞、反義詞等相關(guān)詞匯

　　遇到未曾學(xué)過的詞或一時(shí)想不起的詞時(shí)，可采用發(fā)散性思維，發(fā)揮想象力，盡可能想出與之有關(guān)的同義詞、反義詞，利用語言的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系、多層次、多角度地運(yùn)用語言，使單詞受阻現(xiàn)象得以解決。

　　例：昨晚李雷做了一場(chǎng)惡夢(mèng)。

　　Li Lei had a nightmare last night.因nightmare使用率不高，不易記住。但其同義詞bad dream易記。上句可換譯為：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.

　　再如：The food is tasty.=The food is nice to eat.=The food is delicious.

　　We discontinued the work at nine.=We stopped the work at nine.

　　This woman is talkative.=This woman is never quiet.

　　This car is expensive.=This car is not cheap.

　　另外：

　　He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.

　　The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.

　　They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.

　　His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.

　　英語語言中詞與詞之間是有聯(lián)系的，詞與詞之間語義的“共核”現(xiàn)象即所謂的同義詞。豐富的同義詞給我們提供了極大的方便。

　　同樣，用其反義詞來取代某一遺忘了的詞也是可行的，請(qǐng)看下面的例子：

　　He is stubborn. = He is not tame.

　　The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

　　This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

　　She is talkative. = She is never quiet.

　　三、換用迂回表達(dá)

　　當(dāng)一個(gè)詞或某些信息表達(dá)起來有困難時(shí)，要充分利用語言本身詞匯豐富、句型多變等特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行迂回表達(dá)。因?yàn)槿魏我环N表達(dá)形式，只要能達(dá)意便可接受。英語當(dāng)中的功能解釋性語句，就可以起到這一作用。請(qǐng)看下面的句子：

　　例：1. 我從未見到過這樣頑固的人。

　　I've never seen such a stubborn person.=I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.

　　2. 如果我們想得到文憑，我們必須首先通過考試。

　　If we want to obtain a diploma，we must first pass the exams.=If we want to get a graduation paper，we must first pass the exams.

　　3. 工廠里的煙囪(chimney)拔地而起。

　　High chimneys have appeared in the factories.=The factories are full of high chimneys.=A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.

　　4. 他數(shù)學(xué)考試取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)，被大學(xué)錄取了。

　　He passed the math exam /succeeded in the math exam and became a college student.

　　5. 中午我們吃了野餐。

　　At noon we had a picnic.=At noon we had our lunch in the open air.

　　考研英語作文只要層次清晰，語法正確就能拿到較好的分?jǐn)?shù)。所以同學(xué)們?nèi)绻�過于糾結(jié)于用一些自己難于掌握的大詞和難詞，往往花了時(shí)間，還得不到應(yīng)有的效果。我們應(yīng)該靈活地使用一些簡(jiǎn)單易掌握的表達(dá)方式傳達(dá)我們豐富多彩的內(nèi)容，以便比較大限度地發(fā)揮我們的英語水平。文都編輯在這里預(yù)�？佳袑W(xué)子們?cè)?3年的英語考場(chǎng)上放松心態(tài)，掌握技巧，穩(wěn)拿寫作高分!