C

　　calendar★

　　構(gòu)詞cal計(jì)算+end 結(jié)束+ar 名詞后綴→計(jì)算時(shí)間結(jié)束的憑據(jù)→日歷

　　n.1.日歷

　　2.日程表

　　3.歷法

　　真題連線2001英譯漢

　　Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. 皮爾遜匯集世界各地?cái)?shù)百位研究人員的成果，編制了一個(gè)獨(dú)特的新技術(shù)千年歷，它列出了人們有望看到的數(shù)百項(xiàng)重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生的比較晚日期。

　　campaign★

　　構(gòu)詞camp田野+aign名詞后綴→營(yíng)地→戰(zhàn)役

　　n.1.series of military operations with a particular aim 戰(zhàn)役

　　2.series of planned activities with a particular aim 運(yùn)動(dòng)

　　鏈接 campaign v.參加或領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一戰(zhàn)役或運(yùn)動(dòng)

　　真題連線2007 Text 3

　　For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving�瞐ccount model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.在去年的大多數(shù)時(shí)間里，布什總統(tǒng)一直致力于將社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體制轉(zhuǎn)變成一種儲(chǔ)蓄存款賬戶模式——要求退休人員將其大多數(shù)或所有保障報(bào)酬用來交換依靠投資回報(bào)所得的報(bào)酬。

　　candidate★

　　構(gòu)詞candid白，發(fā)光+ate→穿著白袍的人→候選人

　　n.1.a person who seeks or is nominated for an office, prize, or honor.候選人

　　2.one that seems likely to gain a certain position有希望的人選

　　真題連線2005 Text 1

　　Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study. 這些特性使它們成為布羅斯南博士和迪·瓦爾博士理想的研究對(duì)象。

　　capital★

　　構(gòu)詞capit頭+al形容詞后綴→頭的→首要的→首都

　　n.1.首都;首府;

　　2.資本;

　　3. first and foremost; principal第一位的和首要的

　　鏈接capitalismn.資本主義

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)make capital out of從中取利; 利用… speak in capitals強(qiáng)調(diào)

　　真題連線2003 Text 3

　　The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. 從整體來說，雖然鐵路行業(yè)有耀眼的資產(chǎn)，但它的收入仍然不足以支付為滿足不斷增長(zhǎng)的運(yùn)輸需要而進(jìn)行的固定資產(chǎn)投資。

　　captive★

　　構(gòu)詞capt抓+ive名詞后綴或形容詞后綴→俘虜

　　n.1.a prisoner of war俘虜

　　2.one held in the grip of a strong emotion or passion.著迷的人

　　a.1.kept under restraint or control; confined受控制的;被監(jiān)禁的

　　2.enraptured, as by beauty; captivated被迷住的

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)take captive活捉, 俘虜;hold captive活捉, 俘虜 lead captive活捉, 俘虜

　　真題連線2003 Text 3

　　Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. 通常，鐵路公司對(duì)這些“被控”客戶的收費(fèi)要比有另一鐵路公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)多20%～30%。

　capture★

　　構(gòu)詞capt拿，抓，握住+ure→抓住毛病→挑剔的

　　vt.1.to gain possession or control of 贏得;奪取

　　2.to attract and hold引起(注意)并吸引住

　　真題連線1998 Passage 1

　　Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. 在重大技術(shù)所創(chuàng)造的東西中很少能像大型水壩這樣讓人癡迷的。

　　casualty★

　　構(gòu)詞cas落下，降臨+ual形容詞后綴+ty名詞后綴→突然落下的事→事故

　　n.1.person who is killed or injured in war傷亡者

　　2.thing that is lost, damaged or destroyed in an accident 事故

　　真題連線2000 Passage 1

　　For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty. 人們?cè)�一度感覺下一個(gè)在海外品牌面前全軍覆沒的似乎該輪到美國(guó)的半導(dǎo)體制造業(yè)了，而在新計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)代有著核心作用的半導(dǎo)體正是美國(guó)人發(fā)明的。

　　centralization▲

　　構(gòu)詞central中心的+ization…化或發(fā)展過程(表名詞)→集中化

　　真題連線2000 Passage 4

　　With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households. 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，居住集中化也跟著來了，在日本1億1900萬(wàn)人當(dāng)中，足有76%住在城市，在那里社區(qū)和幾世同堂的大家庭已經(jīng)成為過去，而取而代之的是單門獨(dú)戶的兩代之家。

　　certificate★

　　構(gòu)詞certify搞清，區(qū)別+icate名詞或動(dòng)詞后綴→證明的東西

　　n.1.證(明)書

　　2.執(zhí)照

　　3.憑證

　　vt.to furnish with, testify to, or authorize by a certificate用證明書證明

　　真題連線2007 Text 1

　　If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the late months. 如果你打算檢查2006年世界杯錦標(biāo)賽上所有足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的出生證明，那么你比較可能發(fā)現(xiàn)一種引人注意的巧合：優(yōu)秀足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員更可能出生于每年的前幾個(gè)月而不是后幾個(gè)月。

　　charitable★

　　構(gòu)詞charity可愛的+able能…的→慈善的

　　a.1.generous in giving money or other help to the needy.施舍慷慨的，慈善的

　　2.mild or tolerant in judging others; lenient.寬容的，仁愛的

　　鏈接charity n.施舍物，救濟(jì)金; 慈善、博愛

　　真題連線1997 Passage 2

　　It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. 對(duì)旅行者來說，這不是一個(gè)選擇的問題;而對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駚碚f，這也并非是行善的一時(shí)沖動(dòng)。

　　charter★

　　構(gòu)詞chart紙片+er名詞后綴→紙上的東西→契約等

　　n.1.營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照;

　　2.特許狀

　　真題連線1996 Passage 2

　　The reason for its inquiry is that the BBC’s royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organisation as it is, or to make changes. 這樣做的原因是BBC所持的皇家特許證于1996年到期，政府必須決定讓公司維持原狀還是進(jìn)行變革。

　　circuit★

　　構(gòu)詞circu圓，環(huán)+it走→環(huán)行

　　n.1.line, route or journey round a place 周線; 圈

　　2.an electric current flows 電路

　　真題連線2002 Text 2

　　Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries. 雖然一開始在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代有過一段樂觀的時(shí)期——那時(shí)候仿佛晶體管電路和微處理器的發(fā)展將使他們?cè)?010年能夠模仿人類大腦的活動(dòng)——但是比較近研究人員已經(jīng)開始將這個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)延后數(shù)十年，甚至數(shù)百年。

　cite★

　　v.1.quote 引用; 引述 2.refer to 引證

　　鏈接citationn.1.引用; 引述; 引證

　　2.表?yè)P(yáng), 表彰, 嘉獎(jiǎng); 嘉獎(jiǎng)令

　　真題連線1997 Passage 4

　　Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. 萊文宣稱“音樂不是社會(huì)問題的病因”，他甚至還以自己的兒子為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一個(gè)教師，用說唱樂的形式與學(xué)生進(jìn)行交流。

　　citizenry▲

　　構(gòu)詞citizen公民+ry表示集合名詞→公民

　　n.公民或市民(集合稱)

　　真題連線2003 Text 2

　　If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress. 如果好人無(wú)所作為，一群不明真相的公眾真的有可能撲滅醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)步的寶貴火種。

　　civil★

　　構(gòu)詞civ公民+il 形容詞后綴→市民的

　　a.1.公民的,市民的

　　2. 民間的;民用的

　　3.有禮貌的

　　鏈接civiliann.平民a.平民的;民用的

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)be civil to 對(duì)…有禮貌

　　say sth. civil說奉承&恭維話

　　真題連線2004 Text 4

　　Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society.” 作家厄爾·紹利斯說，沿著這條路線發(fā)展下去，“我們將變?yōu)槎�流�?guó)家。我們的社會(huì)將不再那么文明。”

　　clarity★

　　構(gòu)詞clar清楚，明白+ity名詞后綴→清楚

　　n.clearness of appearance清澈，明凈

　　真題連線1996 Passage 5

　　Kitcher is philosopher, and this may account, in part, for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments. 金切爾是位哲學(xué)家，這也許能部分說明他的立論為何明確而有說服力。

　　coincidence★

　　構(gòu)詞co共同+in內(nèi)+cid落下，降臨+ence名詞后綴→巧合

　　n.1.the state or fact of occupying the same relative position or area in space.占同一位置

　　2.a sequence of events that although accidental seems to have been planned or arranged.巧合，湊巧

　　真題連線2004 Text 2

　　Can this merely be coincidence? one theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. 這僅僅是巧合嗎?按字母表順序排名靠后的人在享受閑暇時(shí)光時(shí)憑空想出一種理論，認(rèn)為這種倒霉事老早就開始了。

　　cognitive★

　　構(gòu)詞cogn知道+itive 形容詞后綴→認(rèn)識(shí)的

　　a.of, characterized by, involving, or relating to cognition認(rèn)知的，認(rèn)識(shí)能力的

　　真題連線2007 Text 1

　　Good memory results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises. 好的記憶力源于本能練習(xí)而不是認(rèn)知練習(xí)。

　　collaborate★

　　構(gòu)詞col共同+labor勞動(dòng)+ate→共同勞動(dòng)→合作

　　vi.1.to work together協(xié)作，合作

　　2.to cooperate with an enemy occupation force in one�搒 country 勾結(jié)

　　真題連線2007 Part B

　　Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating.定期與孩子一起回顧正在他們身上表現(xiàn)出來的能力和缺點(diǎn)，然后共同努力克服諸如難以與人交流或協(xié)作的缺憾。

　　colleague▲

　　構(gòu)詞col 共同(通常放在同輔音詞根前)+league捆綁→捆綁在一起的人→同事

　　n.person with whom one works 同事; 同僚

　　真題連線1995 Passage 3

　　Many of life’s problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve. 許多請(qǐng)教家人、朋友或同事便能解決的生活問題，現(xiàn)在卻超出了大家庭的能力范圍。

　　★collect

　　構(gòu)詞col一起+lect→收到一起

　　v.收集,搜集;領(lǐng)取,接走;收(稅等);聚集,堆積

　　a. 對(duì)方付費(fèi)(的)

　　真題連線2009 Text 2

　　Databases used by some companies don’t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. 許多公司的基因數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里的數(shù)據(jù)并非系統(tǒng)地采集而得，而是從不同研究項(xiàng)目中胡亂收集過來的信息。

　collection★

　　構(gòu)詞col一起+lect選擇，收集→收到一起

　　n.1.the act or process of collecting收集

　　2.收集物

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)make a collection for為… 募捐; take up a collection for為… 募捐

　　真題連線2008 Text 2

　　This is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site�瞝icensing agreements. 首先是所謂的大生意，學(xué)術(shù)雜志訂戶依照網(wǎng)站許可協(xié)議為即將出版的文章支付費(fèi)用。

　　combat★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+bal打，擊→共同→共同打→戰(zhàn)斗

　　v.&n.to oppose in battle; fight against; of or relating to combat 戰(zhàn)斗,搏斗,格斗

　　真題連線2008 Text 1

　　Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. 男人走上戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，承受著戰(zhàn)斗的壓力。男性承受更多隨機(jī)的身體上的暴力行為。

　　combine★

　　構(gòu)詞com 共同+bin兩;二→合二為一

　　v.to bring into a state of unity; to possess or exhibit in combination 聯(lián)合;結(jié)合;化合

　　n.集團(tuán);聯(lián)合企業(yè)

　　鏈接combination n.結(jié)合，聯(lián)合;化合;團(tuán)體;組合數(shù)碼

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)be combined in化合成; be combined with與…結(jié)合

　　真題連線2003 Text 3

　　In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. 近年來，鐵路公司相互聯(lián)合，組成了超大型集團(tuán)，引起人們對(duì)壟斷行為的極大關(guān)注。

　　comedy★

　　構(gòu)詞com宴會(huì)+edy表名詞→像宴會(huì)一樣熱鬧→喜劇

　　n.1.light or amusing play or film 喜劇， 喜劇片

　　2.amusing aspect of sth; humour 某事物的有趣方面; 幽默

　　鏈接comic a.喜劇的，滑稽的n.連環(huán)漫畫雜志;喜劇演員

　　真題連線1996 Passage 2

　　They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children’s programmes and films for an annual licence fee of ￡83 per household. 每戶每年交83英鎊的收視費(fèi)便可收看體育、喜劇、戲劇、音樂、新聞時(shí)事、教育、宗教、議會(huì)報(bào)道、兒童節(jié)目及電影。

　　command★

　　構(gòu)詞com一起+mand命令→命令一起做→指揮

　　v.1.to have control or authority over; rule;命令，指揮，控制

　　2.to deserve and receive as due; exact 應(yīng)得，值得

　　n.ability to control or use; mastery 掌握，運(yùn)用能力

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)at command掌握

　　by sb.’s command聽某人支配

　　get command of控制; under (the) command of由…指揮; 在…指揮之下

　　真題連線2006 Text 4

　　“Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex，before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks. “歡慶吧!”宣傳關(guān)節(jié)炎良藥西樂葆的廣告這樣號(hào)召道，隨后我們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它能增加心臟病的發(fā)病率。

　　comment★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+ment思考，神智→共同思考→評(píng)論

　　n.a written note intended as an explanation, an illustration注釋,評(píng)論,意見

　　v.to make a comment; remark.(on)注釋,評(píng)論

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)ask for comment征求意見

　　make comments on評(píng)論

　　offer comments提意見

　　comment on評(píng)論， 談?wù)摚?對(duì)…提意見

　　真題連線2008 Text 2

　　Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. 根據(jù)同行的審閱評(píng)語(yǔ)，編輯將發(fā)表該論文或退稿。

　commerce★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+merce交易→共同交易→商業(yè)

　　n.trade; buying and selling of goods 商業(yè)(尤指國(guó)際間的)貿(mào)易

　　鏈接commercialize v.使商業(yè)化, 使商品化

　　真題連線1999 Passage 2

　　Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)商業(yè)模式的另一個(gè)重大變化體現(xiàn)在營(yíng)銷策略上。

　　commercial★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+merc交易+ial形容詞后綴→共同交易的→商業(yè)的

　　a.1.relating to commerce商業(yè)的 ;

　　2.involved in work that is intended for the mass market 迎合大眾的，有商業(yè)氣息的

　　真題連線2006 Text 4

　　The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media，and with it，a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology. 反快樂藝術(shù)的興起幾乎完全與大眾傳媒同步出現(xiàn)，而隨之興起了一種商業(yè)文化，在這種文化中，快樂不僅是一個(gè)抽象概念，而是一種意識(shí)形態(tài)。

　　commission★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+miss送，放出+ion→共同送出[選出]的人→委員會(huì)

　　n.1.(交付某人進(jìn)行的)行動(dòng)、 任務(wù)或工作; 委托

　　2.a.委員會(huì)b.考查團(tuán); 調(diào)查團(tuán)

　　3. 傭金; 回扣; 酬勞金

　　v.1.交付(某人)任務(wù)或工作; 委托

　　2.正式授予某人軍官資格(的委任狀)

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ) in/into commission 在使用中, 服現(xiàn)役

　　真題連線1996 Passage 4

　　As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.” 正如1853年訪美的一個(gè)英國(guó)訪問團(tuán)成員所報(bào)道的那樣，“由于有了學(xué)校徹底訓(xùn)練過的頭腦，美國(guó)孩子迅速地成為技術(shù)熟練的工人。”

　　commit★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+mit送，放出→共同送→委任

　　v.1.to put in trust or charge; entrust;to refer to;把…交托給,提交

　　2.to make known the views of (oneself) on an issue 表明

　　鏈接commission n.委員會(huì);委任,委托(書),代辦;傭金,手續(xù)費(fèi)

　　commitment n.委托事項(xiàng), 許諾, 承擔(dān)義務(wù)

　　committee n.1委員會(huì)2.委員會(huì)的會(huì)議、 成員、 決定.

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)commit oneself on 對(duì)…表態(tài);

　　commit oneself to委身于， 專心致志于

　　真題連線2009 Text 4

　　Meanwhile, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . “Our main end was to catch fish. ” 與此同時(shí)，許多移民并不像戴恩那樣對(duì)宗教虔誠(chéng)，正如一位牧師在海邊迎面遇見的一幫漁民——他們自嘲來新大陸不是為了追求宗教信仰，“我們來此的比較終目的是捕魚。”

　　commodity★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+mod方式，模式，風(fēng)度+ity名詞后綴→有共同模式的東西→商品

　　n.1.商品(日用品)

　　2.貨物; 物品

　　真題連線2003 Text 3

　　But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat. 但許多客戶卻抱怨說，對(duì)于依賴長(zhǎng)途運(yùn)輸?shù)拇笞谏唐穪碚f，如煤炭、化學(xué)制品和糧食，由于公路運(yùn)輸花費(fèi)太大，這樣鐵路公司就會(huì)因此而主宰一切。

　　communicate★

　　構(gòu)詞commune交流+ic+ate動(dòng)詞或形容詞后綴→大家交談→交流

　　v.1.pass on sth; transmit sth傳播 ;

　　2.exchange information, news, ideas, etc 交流、 交換消息等

　　鏈接communication n.通訊,傳達(dá); (pl.) 通訊系統(tǒng); 交通(工具)

　　community n.1.社區(qū); 團(tuán)體; 集體; 社會(huì); 2.有共同利益的集體;3.共享, 共有; 共同; 相同:

　　真題連線2003 Text 2

　　Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way—in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. 科學(xué)家必須把他們的意思傳達(dá)給公眾，并且要使用有同情心和通俗易懂的語(yǔ)言，——一般人能夠明白的語(yǔ)言，而不要使用分子生物學(xué)的語(yǔ)言。

　commute★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+mute改變→和大家一起變動(dòng)→坐公共車

　　v.1.travel regularly by bus, train or car between one�搒 place of work and one�搒 home 上下班往返

　　2.change sth into sth else 改變某事物

　　鏈接commutable a.可用不同方式制造、 償付的

　　commutation n.減刑 變換付款方法

　　commuter n.上下班往返的人

　　真題連線2000 Passage 4

　　Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. 城市里的日本人長(zhǎng)期忍受著漫長(zhǎng)的上下班來回路程和擁擠不堪的居住條件，隨著舊的群體家庭道德觀的削弱，令人不舒服的結(jié)果開始顯現(xiàn)出來。

　　compare★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+pare平等→平等放在一起→比較

　　vt.to consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous; like(to，with)比較;(to)把…比作

　　vi.to be worthy of comparison; bear comparison相比

　　n.comparison 比較

　　鏈接comparable a.(with,to)可比較的,比得上的; comparativea.比較的,相當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

　　comparison n.比較(compar比較+ison名詞后綴→比較)

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)(as) compared with和…比較起來

　　beyond( past )(without )compare 無(wú)與倫比的，不可及的

　　compare favourably with 優(yōu)于;不亞于;not to be compared with相差極遠(yuǎn)， 遠(yuǎn)不如

　　compare to比擬， 比作 compare with(可)與…相比

　　真題連線2005 Cloze Test

　　Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, but this is largely because, unlike animals, we stand upright. 與其他動(dòng)物相比較，人類通常被認(rèn)為在嗅覺方面感覺遲鈍，但這主要是因?yàn)榕c其他動(dòng)物不同，人類是直立行走的。

　　compassionate★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+pass感情+ion名詞后綴→共同感情→同情+ate形容詞后綴→富有同情心的

　　a.feeling or showing compassion; sympathetic.有同情心的

　　真題連線2003 Text 2

　　Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way—in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. 科學(xué)家必須把他們的意思傳達(dá)給公眾，并且要使用有同情心和通俗易懂的語(yǔ)言，一般人能夠明白的語(yǔ)言，而不要使用分子生物學(xué)的語(yǔ)言。

　　compel★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+pel推→一起推→強(qiáng)迫

　　v.to force, drive, or constrain to necessitate or pressure by force; exact 強(qiáng)迫,迫使

　　真題連線2000 Text 5

　　It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. 這就意味著，各國(guó)政府得越來越多地干預(yù)這些部門以便提高產(chǎn)量并確保產(chǎn)品會(huì)得到比較好的利用。

　　compensate★

　　構(gòu)詞com全部+pens“稱重量，稱銀子”，引申為“花費(fèi)”+ate→花費(fèi)的錢全部[拿回來]→賠償

　　v.to make satisfactory payment or reparation to; recompense or reimburse補(bǔ)償,賠償;抵消;彌補(bǔ)

　　鏈接compensation n.補(bǔ)償(或賠償)的款物;補(bǔ)償，賠償

　　真題連線2004 Text 1

　　Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. 有些人利用搜索代理密切觀察對(duì)于本行業(yè)的需求或搜集有關(guān)加薪的信息以備增薪談判時(shí)胸有成竹。

　　compete★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+pete追尋，尋求→共同追求(一個(gè)目標(biāo))→競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

　　v.競(jìng)爭(zhēng); 對(duì)抗; 比賽

　　鏈接competition n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽;角逐，較量;(總稱)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者

　　competitive a.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;好競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;(價(jià)格等的)有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的

　　competent a.有資格的,有能力的，能勝任的;足夠的

　　真題連線2003 Text 3

　　Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. 通常，鐵路公司對(duì)這些“被控”客戶的收費(fèi)要比有另一鐵路公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)多20%～30%。

　　★competitive

　　構(gòu)詞compete+itive形容詞后綴→競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的

　　a.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;好競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;(價(jià)格等的)有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的

　　真題連線2009 Text 3

　　When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. 當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境迫使我們的祖先實(shí)現(xiàn)了這種潛能的時(shí)候，他們反而可以獲得更多的教育機(jī)會(huì)。

　　competitor▲

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+pet追求+itor人(表名詞)→參賽者

　　n.one that competes with another, as in sports or business; a rival.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者

　　真題連線2000 Passage 1

　　When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. 二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，美國(guó)恰好進(jìn)入了這樣的一個(gè)輝煌時(shí)期，當(dāng)時(shí)，它擁有比任何競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者大8倍的市場(chǎng)，這使其工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)具有前所未有的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)。

　　complementary★

　　構(gòu)詞com全部+ple滿，填滿+ment形容詞后綴→全部滿→補(bǔ)足+ary形容詞后綴→補(bǔ)充的，補(bǔ)足的

　　真題連線1999 Passage 3

　　In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional. 不管怎樣，基本的計(jì)算機(jī)技能只是對(duì)成為專業(yè)技術(shù)人員所需的各種實(shí)際技能的補(bǔ)充。

　　complete★

　　構(gòu)詞com 全部+plet滿+e→全滿→完全的

　　a.having all necessary or normal parts, components, or steps; entire 完全的

　　真題連線

　　(1)2009 Part B

　　In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy. 為了盡可能完整地研究特定文化，博厄斯精通語(yǔ)言學(xué)，語(yǔ)言研究學(xué)，體質(zhì)人類學(xué)，人類生物學(xué)和解剖學(xué)。

　　(2)2000 Passage 4

　　“Those things that do not show up in the test scores—personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored,” says toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party�搒 education committee. 在考分中得不到體現(xiàn)的那些東西——個(gè)性、能力、勇氣或人性——完全被忽視，“執(zhí)政的自由民主黨教育委員會(huì)主席toshiki Kaifu說。

　　complex★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+plex重疊→全部重疊→復(fù)雜的

　　a.consisting of interconnected or interwoven parts; composite; involved or intricated復(fù)雜的;合成的,綜合的

　　鏈接complexity n.復(fù)雜(complex形容詞“復(fù)雜的”+ity名詞后綴→復(fù)雜)

　　真題連線2009 Text 3

　　More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry’s work. 比較近，研究人員在調(diào)查房屋建設(shè)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)盡管房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的工作十分復(fù)雜，在德克薩斯州的休斯敦，那些未受過什么教育的、母語(yǔ)非英語(yǔ)的墨西哥工人總是能達(dá)到比較佳的勞動(dòng)力生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　complicate★

　　構(gòu)詞com全部+plic重疊，折疊+ate動(dòng)詞或形容詞后綴→全部重疊起來→弄復(fù)雜

　　v.to make or become complex or perplexing使…復(fù)雜;使…難懂;使(疾病等)惡化

　　鏈接complicated a.錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的,麻煩的,難解的;

　　complication n.復(fù)雜,糾紛;并發(fā)癥

　　真題連線2002 Text 2

　　What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented - and human perception far more complicated - than previously imagined. 在試圖建造思維模型的過程中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類大腦中的近1000億個(gè)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞要比以前想像的更聰明，人類的感覺器官也比以前想像的更復(fù)雜。

　　component★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+pon放置+ent名詞后綴→共同的放到一起→組成的

　　n.any of the parts of which sth is made (某事物的)組成部分; 成分; 零部件

　　鏈接component a.(整體中的)一部分的; 組成的

　　真題連線2005 Text 3

　　Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. 在高質(zhì)量睡眠的所有因素中，夢(mèng)似乎是比較無(wú)法控制的一個(gè)。

　　compose★

　　構(gòu)詞com一起+pose放→放到一起→組成

　　v.1.to make up the constituent parts of 組成,構(gòu)成;

　　2. to make (oneself) calm or tranquil;使平靜

　　3. to settle or adjust;使達(dá)成和解

　　鏈接composite a.混合成的，綜合成的n.合成物，復(fù)合材料

　　composition n.作品,作文,樂曲;作曲;結(jié)構(gòu),組成,成分

　　真題連線2009 Text 4

　　While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. 盡管工匠和農(nóng)夫中，更不用說家屬和仆人了，很少有人留下可供分析的文學(xué)作品，但是很明顯他們的觀點(diǎn)與那些人相比，知識(shí)化程度要低一些。

　　compound★

　　構(gòu)詞com全部+pound放→全部放到一起→化合物

　　vt.1.mix混合，組合;

　　2.to produce or create by combining two or more parts配制

　　3.to add to; increase使增加;增加

　　a.consisting of two or more substances混合的

　　n.a.復(fù)合物. b.化合物

　　真題連線1997 Cloze Test

　　Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man. 維生素是有機(jī)化合物，飲食中必須含有少量部分以維持動(dòng)物(包括人)的生存和生長(zhǎng)。

　　comprehension★

　　構(gòu)詞com全部+prehend抓住→全部抓住→包括，理解+sion名詞后綴→理解;包含

　　n.1.understanding 理解

　　2.the knowledge that is acquired in this way.理解力

　　鏈接comprehend v.領(lǐng)會(huì), 理解, 包括(包含), 由…組成

　　comprehensive a.內(nèi)容廣泛的,總括性的，綜合的

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)be above comprehension難理解的

　　be beyond sb.’s comprehension不可理解的

　　be low of comprehension理解力遲鈍的

　　pass sb.’s comprehension難以理解， 費(fèi)解

　　真題連線2000 Passage 2

　　Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they “look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.” 達(dá)爾文有一句話描述那些對(duì)進(jìn)化一無(wú)所知的人，他們“看有機(jī)的生命如同野人看船，好像看某種完全不能理解的東西”。

　　compress★

　　構(gòu)詞com全部+press擠壓→全部壓到一起

　　vt.to make more compact by or as if by pressing;to press together壓緊，壓縮;(把思想、文字等)濃縮

　　真題連線1998英譯漢

　　Over billions of years，the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies，stars，planets and eventually，even humans. 數(shù)十億年來，這種氣體受引力的壓縮形成星系、恒星、行星，并比較終甚至產(chǎn)生人類。

　　compromise★

　　n. a middle way between two extremes妥協(xié)，折衷

　　vi. make a compromise; arrive at a compromise妥協(xié)，折衷, 危及…的安全

　　vt.危及，放棄(原則等) (com共同+promise→共同答應(yīng)→妥協(xié))

　　真題連線2008 Text 4

　　Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. 幾位歷史學(xué)家的著作揭示了美國(guó)早期領(lǐng)袖們?cè)诘赖路矫嫠�做的妥協(xié)，以及美國(guó)在建國(guó)初期的脆弱性。

　　compulsion★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+puls驅(qū)動(dòng)，推+ion名詞后綴→共同推→強(qiáng)制

　　n.1.the act of compelling逼迫

　　2.an irresistible impulse to act沖動(dòng)

　　真題連線2002 Text 2

　　That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. 這種不得已的行為導(dǎo)致了機(jī)器人科學(xué)的產(chǎn)生——一門將人類的能力賦予機(jī)器的科學(xué)。

　　conceive★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+ceive拿，抓，握住→共同拿→構(gòu)想

　　vt.1.to become pregnant with (offspring)懷孕

　　2.to form or develop in the mind; devise構(gòu)思

　　vi.to form or hold an idea構(gòu)想出

　　真題連線2007 Text 1

　　Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.下面是一些猜測(cè)：a)某種占星術(shù)征兆使人具備更高的足球技能;b)冬季出生的嬰兒往往具有更高的供氧能力，這提高了踢足球的耐力;c)熱愛足球的父母更可能在春季(每年足球狂熱的鼎盛時(shí)期)懷孕;d)以上各項(xiàng)都不是。

　　concentrate★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+centr中心+ate動(dòng)詞后綴→集中

　　v.1.focus exclusively and intensely on sth, 全神貫注, 精神集中, 專心致志

　　2.come or bring together at one place 集合; 集中

　　3.increase the strength of a solution by reducing its volume濃縮

　　鏈接concentrate n.濃縮液;concentrateda.極度的; 緊張的; 表強(qiáng)調(diào)的; 強(qiáng)烈的

　　concentration n.專心，專注;集中，集結(jié);濃度

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)concentrate the/one’s mind 使某人急切地、認(rèn)真地考慮某事

　　真題連線2007 Text 1

　　Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.有意練習(xí)需要的不只是簡(jiǎn)單地重復(fù)一個(gè)任務(wù)。相反，它涉及到確定明確的目標(biāo)、獲得即時(shí)反饋以及注重方法與結(jié)果。

　　concept★

　　構(gòu)詞con 共同+cept拿，抓，握住→共同拿到心里的東西→概念

　　n.idea underlying sth; general notion 觀念; 概念

　　鏈接conceptual a.觀念的; 概念的; 觀念上的; 概念上的conception n.觀念

　　真題連線2004 Text 1

　　For any job search, you should start with a narrow concept—what you think you want to do—then broaden it. 尋找任何職業(yè)，你都要從一個(gè)狹窄的概念開始，即你想干什么工作，然后再加以擴(kuò)展。

　　conclude★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+clude關(guān)閉→全部關(guān)掉→結(jié)束

　　v.1.to bring to an end; close使結(jié)束;關(guān)閉

　　2.to bring about (a final agreement or settlement)締結(jié)

　　鏈接conclusive a.決定性的(conclude結(jié)論;終結(jié)+ive形容詞后綴→決定性的;結(jié)論性的)

　　真題連線2004 Text 4

　　Ravitch’s latest book, Left Back: a Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits. 萊維西比較新著作《落后：一個(gè)世紀(jì)的失敗學(xué)校改革》探索學(xué)校里反智主義傾向的根源，書中的結(jié)論是：美國(guó)學(xué)校絕沒有抵制美國(guó)人對(duì)才學(xué)追求的厭惡。

　concrete★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+crete制造→共同制造→混凝土

　　a.1.existing in material form; that can be touched, felt, etc 以物質(zhì)形式存在的; 具體的; 實(shí)體的

　　2.definite; positive 確實(shí)的; 明確的; 確定的

　　3.solid凝固的

　　vt.to build with hard, strong construction material.凝結(jié)

　　vi.to harden; solidify硬化;固化

　　真題連線2003英譯漢

　　Thus，the anthropological concept of“culture”，like the concept of“set”in mathematics，is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 因此，人類學(xué)中的“文化”概念就像數(shù)學(xué)中“集”的概念一樣，是一個(gè)抽象概念。它使大量的具體研究和認(rèn)識(shí)成為可能。

　　condemn★

　　構(gòu)詞com共同+demn傷害→共同傷害→譴責(zé)

　　v.to express strong disapproval of: to pronounce judgment against 譴責(zé),指責(zé);判刑,宣告有罪

　　真題連線2004 Text 2

　　Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. 在過去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里各種各樣的不公和歧視遭到了譴責(zé)或定為非法。

　　condense★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+dense濃縮→全部濃縮

　　v.1.become thicker or more concentrated變稠或變濃; 濃縮

　　2.change from gas or vapour to a liquid凝結(jié)

　　3. put sth into fewer words 簡(jiǎn)縮; 摘要; 簡(jiǎn)述

　　真題連線1998英譯漢

　　According to the theory，the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic，unimaginably dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions，emitting radiation as it went，condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. 根據(jù)這一理論，宇宙的形成是由一團(tuán)亞微觀的、極其稠密的純能量團(tuán)朝四面八方向外發(fā)散，隨著放出輻射線，濃縮成粒子，然后形成氣體原子。

　　condition★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+dit給予+ion名詞后綴→共同給出的[條件]

　　n.1.狀態(tài); 處境; 地位; 身分

　　2.現(xiàn)狀; 狀況; 情況

　　3健康狀況; 健康

　　4.條款; 規(guī)定; 約定; 條件

　　5.環(huán)境; 情況

　　真題連線2007 Text 2

　　Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low�瞫tress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership - that is, it predicted the opposite. 研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果在低壓力狀況下進(jìn)行智商測(cè)試，那么這種測(cè)試就可以預(yù)測(cè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，但是，在高壓力狀況下，智商測(cè)試所得的結(jié)果與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能的關(guān)系是否定的，也就是說，它預(yù)測(cè)的結(jié)果是相反的。

　　conduct★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+duct引導(dǎo)，帶來→引導(dǎo)大家一起做→指揮

　　vt.1.to direct the course of; manage or control.指揮

　　2. transmit傳導(dǎo)

　　3.to comport (oneself) in a specified way:行為，舉止

　　鏈接conductive a.傳導(dǎo)的

　　conductor n.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者, 經(jīng)理, 指揮

　　真題連線1997 Passage 5

　　Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel. 因此，才會(huì)有人將貨幣政策的指導(dǎo)比作是駕駛一輛帶有黑色擋風(fēng)玻璃、后視鏡破碎及方向盤失靈的汽車。

　　confer★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+fer帶來，拿來→共同帶來觀點(diǎn)→協(xié)商

　　vt.1.to bestow (an honor, for example)授予

　　2.to invest with (a characteristic)賦予

　　vi.to meet in order to deliberate together or compare views.協(xié)商

　　真題連線2002 Text 2

　　That compulsion has resulted in robotics - the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. and if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. 這種不得已的行為導(dǎo)致了機(jī)器人科學(xué)的產(chǎn)生——一門將人類的能力賦予機(jī)器的科學(xué)。如果科學(xué)家們還沒有在機(jī)械上實(shí)現(xiàn)科幻小說的幻想，那么他們也已經(jīng)很接近這個(gè)目標(biāo)了。

　　confess★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+fess說→全部說出→坦白

　　v.1.to disclose; admit坦白

　　2.to make known (one�搒 sins) to God or to a priest懺悔

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)confess (that)…得承認(rèn); confess to承認(rèn)

　　真題連線2000 Passage 5

　　What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. 現(xiàn)在的情況是人們不能像以前那樣輕易地、公開地坦白自己的夢(mèng)想，惟恐別人認(rèn)為自己愛出風(fēng)頭、貪婪、庸俗不堪。

　confidence★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+fide相信，信念→全部相信→吐露[真情] +ence名詞后綴→信心，自信，信任

　　n.1.trust or faith in a person or thing.信賴

　　2.that which is confided; a secret私事

　　3.a feeling of assurance that a confidant will keep a secret信心

　　真題連線2004 Text 2

　　Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly. 然而，結(jié)果可能就是成績(jī)欠佳，因?yàn)檫@種學(xué)生得到的個(gè)人關(guān)注較少，同時(shí)當(dāng)眾講話時(shí)的信心也不足。

　　confine★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+fine限制→全限制→監(jiān)禁

　　v.1.to keep within bounds; restrict限制

　　2.to shut or keep in禁閉

　　n.purview; scope:范圍;區(qū)間

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)be confined to(局)限于，(被)限制在

　　between the confines of...之間的界線

　　on the confines of瀕于， 差一點(diǎn)兒就;

　　beyond the confine of超出…的范圍

　　confine oneself to只涉及， 只限于

　　真題連線1998 Passage 5

　　The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. 熱點(diǎn)的重要性不僅限于它們作為參照體系的作用。

　　★confirm

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+firm→全部堅(jiān)定→確實(shí)

　　v.使更堅(jiān)固,使更堅(jiān)定;(進(jìn)一步)證實(shí);確認(rèn)，確定,批準(zhǔn)

　　真題連線2009 Text 2

　　It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom—or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad.俗話說，賢父知己子�？扇缃瘢�男人卻可以有方法來提升自己做父親的智慧了——或至少可以確認(rèn)自己是孩子的爸爸。

　　conflict★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+flict打擊→共同打→沖突

　　n.1.war 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)

　　2. a clash沖突

　　真題連線2007 Part B

　　They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically.他們也應(yīng)該了解如何解決問題、化解沖突，應(yīng)該了解集思廣益和批判性思考的方法。

　　conform★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+form形狀→形式共同→一致

　　v.1.to correspond in form or character; be similar.一致

　　2. comply 適合

　　鏈接conformity n.一致;遵守(con共同+form 形狀+ity名詞后綴→一致)

　　真題連線1999英譯漢

　　While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians，modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. 幾乎每個(gè)歷史學(xué)家對(duì)史學(xué)都有自己的界定，但現(xiàn)代史學(xué)家的實(shí)踐比較趨于認(rèn)為歷史學(xué)是試圖重現(xiàn)過去的重大史實(shí)并對(duì)其做出解釋。

　　confront★

　　構(gòu)詞con互相，共同+front前額→互相面對(duì)→對(duì)抗

　　v.1.to come face to face with面對(duì)

　　2.to come up against; encounter:碰到;遇到

　　vi.to engage in confrontation進(jìn)行反抗

　　真題連線2003 Text 4

　　But not even a great health-care system can cure death——and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. 但是即使有一個(gè)偉大的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生體系，死亡也是無(wú)法戰(zhàn)勝的——而我們不能面對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)，正危及我們自身的偉大。

　　confuse★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+fuse流，瀉→流到一起→混合，混亂

　　vt.1.throw off使迷惑

　　2.to mistake誤解

　　3.to make opaque; blur 使不透明;把…弄模糊

　　鏈接confusion n.混亂(con共同+fuse流，瀉 +ion名詞后綴→混亂)

　　真題連線2009 Text 4

　　Sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope—all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” 性的困惑、經(jīng)濟(jì)上的挫折以及宗教上的希望——這所有的一切匯聚于在他打開了圣經(jīng)的一剎那，告訴他的神父他讀到的第一行字將決定他的命運(yùn)的時(shí)候，于是他讀到了一行神秘的話語(yǔ)：“務(wù)必要從他們中間出來，勿沾不凈之物，我將成為你們的上帝，你將成為我的子民。”

　　congress★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+gress行走→走到一起→代表大會(huì)

　　n.1.代表大會(huì)

　　2.立法機(jī)關(guān)

　　真題連線2005 Text 2

　　If the administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures . 如果政府不爭(zhēng)取立法上的主動(dòng)權(quán)，國(guó)會(huì)就應(yīng)該幫助政府開始采取保護(hù)措施。

　connection★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+nect結(jié);系+ion名詞后綴→連結(jié)

　　n.1.the act of connecting連結(jié)

　　2.one that connects; a link連接器;連結(jié)物

　　3. an association or a relationship聯(lián)系，關(guān)系

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)enter into a connection with與…發(fā)生關(guān)系[打交道]have a connection with和…有關(guān)系，和…勾搭上

　　in connection with與…有關(guān)系; in this connection關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)， 就此而論

　　真題連線2004英譯漢

　　The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be. 希臘人認(rèn)為，語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)與思維過程之間存在著某種聯(lián)系。這一觀點(diǎn)在人們尚未認(rèn)識(shí)到語(yǔ)言的千差萬(wàn)別以前就早已在歐洲扎下了根。

　　conquer★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+quer尋求，詢問→全部尋求到→征服

　　v.1.to defeat or subdue by force征服

　　2.to gain or secure control of克服

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)stoop to conquer忍辱取勝; 降低身分以達(dá)到目的

　　to conquer or to die非勝即死， 不成功便成仁

　　真題連線1995 Passage 4

　　Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!” 過分地?zé)嶂杂讷@勝會(huì)產(chǎn)生危險(xiǎn)的后果：記住，第一位跑馬拉松的費(fèi)迪皮迪茲在說完“歡呼吧，我們贏了”之后幾秒便倒地而死。

　　conscious★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+sci知道+ous形容詞后綴→知道的→有意識(shí)的

　　a.1.having an awareness of有意識(shí)的

　　2. perception能理解的

　　3.subjectively known or felt自覺的

　　4.intentionally conceived or done; deliberate刻意的

　　鏈接unconscious a.無(wú)意識(shí)的consciousness n.意識(shí)

　　真題連線2009 Text 1

　　We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. 我們無(wú)意中養(yǎng)成了習(xí)慣，把我們的大腦如同自動(dòng)駕駛儀般設(shè)定為自動(dòng)操作，然后放松地進(jìn)入到熟悉的常規(guī)的無(wú)意識(shí)舒服狀態(tài)。

　　consent★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+sent感覺→共同感覺→同意

　　v.to give assent, as to the proposal of another; agree.同意

　　鏈接consensus n.大多數(shù)意見 (con共同+sens感覺+us→感覺一致)

　　真題連線1997英譯漢

　　In addition，it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it:how do you reply to somebody who says“I don’t like this contract?” 此外，誰(shuí)也不清楚，對(duì)于從來就不同意契約的人來說，這項(xiàng)契約又有多少約束力，因?yàn)橛腥艘�是說“我不喜歡這項(xiàng)契約”，那你又如何作答呢?

　　consequence★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+sequ跟隨+ence名詞后綴→隨之而來的全部東西→后果

　　n.1.結(jié)果

　　2.推論

　　3.重要

　　鏈接consequent a.作為結(jié)果的, 隨之發(fā)生的consequently ad.從而, 因此

　　習(xí)慣用語(yǔ) in consequence結(jié)果;因此

　　真題連線2005 Text 2

　　“Science never has all the answers .But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.” 科學(xué)解答不了所有問題。但是科學(xué)確實(shí)為我們的未來提供了比較好的指導(dǎo)，關(guān)鍵是我們的國(guó)家和整個(gè)的世界在做重要決策時(shí)，應(yīng)該以科學(xué)能夠提供的關(guān)于人類現(xiàn)在的行為對(duì)未來影響比較好的判斷作為依據(jù)。

　　conservation★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+serve服務(wù)，保持→全部保持下來→保存

　　n.the act or process of conserving.保護(hù)

　　鏈接conservative a.保守的; 穩(wěn)妥的;小心謹(jǐn)慎的

　　真題連線2002 Text 3

　　Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. 能源儲(chǔ)備、燃料替代以及能源密集型重工業(yè)的重要性的降低，都減少了石油消耗量。

　consider★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+sider坐→坐在一起思考→考慮

　　vt.1.to think carefully about仔細(xì)考慮

　　2.to think or deem to be; regard as認(rèn)為或相信;把…看作

　　3.to take into account; bear in mind考慮到;顧及

　　4 to esteem; regard尊重;看重

　　vi.to think carefully; reflect仔細(xì)考慮;深思

　　鏈接considerable a.相當(dāng)大(或多)的, 值得考慮的, 相當(dāng)可觀的

　　considerate a.考慮周到的

　　consideration n.體諒, 考慮, 需要考慮的事項(xiàng), 報(bào)酬

　　真題連線2009 Part C

　　Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. 既然我們的主要職責(zé)在于使年輕人參與共同生活，我們就不禁會(huì)思考這樣一個(gè)問題：我們是不是在履行職責(zé)的過程中也鍛煉了自己的能力，而這些能力將會(huì)保障我們職責(zé)的履行。

　　consist★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+sist站立→站到一起→組成

　　vi.1.to be made up or composed由…構(gòu)成

　　2.to have a basis; reside or lie在于

　　真題連線2004 Cloze Test

　　More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; consequently, children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family structure. 更多的家庭由單親父母或者都在工作的父母組成。因此，孩子在家里受到的管教可能沒有傳統(tǒng)家庭中受到的管教多。

　　consistent★

　　構(gòu)詞consist由…組成;與…一致+ent形容詞后綴→一致的

　　a.1.in agreement; compatible:符合的;可調(diào)和的

　　2.being in agreement with itself; coherent and uniform一貫的

　　3.reliable; steady可靠的;穩(wěn)定的

　　真題連線2009 Text 3

　　The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living. 一家研究機(jī)構(gòu)過去十年的研究結(jié)果始終表明：各個(gè)國(guó)家的工人都可以通過接受在職培訓(xùn)而大幅度地提高生產(chǎn)率，并因此大幅度地提高生活水平。

　　consolidate★

　　構(gòu)詞con表示強(qiáng)調(diào)+solid堅(jiān)固的+ate動(dòng)詞后綴→鞏固

　　v.1.to unite into one system or whole; combine合并

　　2.to make strong or secure; strengthen鞏固

　　真題連線2003 Text 3

　　The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. 鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)內(nèi)的大規(guī)模聯(lián)合意味著多數(shù)客戶將會(huì)依賴一家公司的服務(wù)。

　　constant★

　　構(gòu)詞con始終+st站，立+ant形容詞后綴→始終站著→不變

　　a.1.persistent持續(xù)的

　　2. invariable永恒的

　　3. faithful堅(jiān)定的

　　真題連線1995 Passage 5

　　Constant practice has such as effect on memory as to lead to skilful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. 反復(fù)練習(xí)對(duì)記憶有很大影響，可以使人們熟練地演奏鋼琴、背誦詩(shī)歌、乃至總結(jié)和理解這些詞句。

　　constitute★

　　構(gòu)詞con 一起 +stitute建立，放→放到一起→構(gòu)成

　　v.1.to be the elements or parts of; compose構(gòu)成

　　2.to amount to; equal等同于;相等

　　3.to set up or establish according to law or provision設(shè)立

　　4.to found (an institution)創(chuàng)建(機(jī)構(gòu)等)

　　真題連線2002 Text 4

　　“Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” “不少醫(yī)生對(duì)病人所遭受的毫無(wú)必要的，可預(yù)見的痛苦無(wú)動(dòng)于衷”，乃至于已構(gòu)成“蓄意虐待病人”。

　　★constraint

　　構(gòu)詞con一起+strain+ t加強(qiáng)→拉到一起→限制，約束

　　vt.限制，約束;克制，抑制, 強(qiáng)制,約束條件，【計(jì)算機(jī)】限制，對(duì)感情的壓抑

　　鏈接constrain v. 強(qiáng)迫，勉強(qiáng)，驅(qū)使，強(qiáng)制

　　真題連線2009 Text 3

　　On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn’t developing more quickly there than it is. 相反，對(duì)提高生產(chǎn)力的限制解釋了為何那里的教育發(fā)展的速度并沒有快于目前的速度。

　　construct★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+struct建立→共同建立→建造

　　v.1.build建造

　　2.create by systematically arranging ideas or terms構(gòu)筑

　　n.1.something formed構(gòu)成物

　　2.a concept概念

　　3.a concrete image or idea形象

　　鏈接construction n.建筑, 建筑物, 解釋, 造句

　　constructive a.建設(shè)性的

　　真題連線2009 Text 3

　　More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best�瞤ractice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry�搒 work. 比較近，研究人員在調(diào)查房屋建設(shè)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)盡管房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的工作十分復(fù)雜，在德克薩斯州的休斯敦，那些未受過什么教育的、母語(yǔ)非英語(yǔ)的墨西哥工人總是能達(dá)到比較佳的勞動(dòng)力生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn).

　　consume★

　　構(gòu)詞con全部+sum拿，取+ e動(dòng)詞后綴→全部拿光→消費(fèi)

　　vt.1.to eat or drink up; ingest吃光

　　2.to expend; use up消耗

　　3.to purchase for direct use or ownership消費(fèi)

　　4.to waste; squander 浪費(fèi);揮霍

　　vi.to be destroyed, expended, or wasted被毀滅、耗盡或浪費(fèi)

　　鏈接consumerism n.用戶至上主義

　　consumption n.消費(fèi), 消費(fèi)量, 肺病

　　consumer n.消費(fèi)者

　　真題連線2004 Text 1

　　With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can be time-consuming and inefficient. 因特網(wǎng)上與求職相關(guān)的網(wǎng)址數(shù)以千計(jì)尋找可能的職業(yè)空缺費(fèi)時(shí)效率又低。

　　contemporary★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+tempor“時(shí)間”或時(shí)間引起的現(xiàn)象+ary形容詞后綴→時(shí)間相同→同代的

　　a.1.belonging to the same period of time屬于同時(shí)期的

　　2.of about the same age(大約)同年齡的

　　3.current; modern當(dāng)前的;現(xiàn)代(派)的

　　n.【pl】one of the same time or age同齡人

　　真題連線1999英譯漢

　　Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. 社會(huì)科學(xué)研究的方法必須改變以適應(yīng)這樣一條指導(dǎo)，即以史料為基礎(chǔ)，而不是為當(dāng)代社會(huì)之需。

　　contempt★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+tempt藐視→大家共同看不起→輕視

　　n.1.scorn.輕蔑

　　2.open disrespect or willful disobedience of the authority of藐視

　　鏈接contemptible a.可鄙的

　　真題連線1999 Passage 2

　　But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. 但這種“推”銷技術(shù)遭到許多網(wǎng)上用戶的鄙視。

　contest★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+test測(cè)試，證據(jù)→共同測(cè)試→比賽

　　n.a struggle for superiority or victory between rivals競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

　　v.1.to compete or strive for競(jìng)爭(zhēng)或?yàn)?hellip;而奮爭(zhēng);dispute or challenge辯駁

　　真題連線2003 Text 1

　　In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. 1995年中央情報(bào)局舉辦了一個(gè)競(jìng)賽，看誰(shuí)能夠收集到關(guān)于“布隆迪”的比較多信息。

　　contradict

　　構(gòu)詞contra反+dict說話，斷言→反說→反駁

　　vt.1.to assert or express the opposite of (a statement)駁斥

　　2.to deny the statement of 否認(rèn)…的說法

　　鏈接contradiction n.反駁, 矛盾;

　　contradictory a.反駁的, 反對(duì)的, 抗辯的

　　n.矛盾因素, 對(duì)立物

　　真題連線1998 Passage 3

　　Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview. 薩根則更關(guān)注那些相信鬼怪上帝造物論和其他與科學(xué)世界觀相左的人。

　　contrary▲

　　構(gòu)詞contra反對(duì)，相反+ary形容詞后綴→相反的

　　a.1.opposed反對(duì)的，違反的

　　2.opposite in direction or position相反的

　　n.either of two opposing or contrary things對(duì)立方

　　真題連線2001 Passage 4

　　On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. 相反，通信的價(jià)格在迅速下降。

　　contribute★

　　構(gòu)詞con+全部+tribute給予→全部給出→捐獻(xiàn)

　　v.1.to give or supply in common with others捐資

　　2.to submit for publication投稿

　　3.促成

　　鏈接contribution n.貢獻(xiàn)

　　真題連線2008 Cloze Test

　　This group generally do well in IQ test,scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the careers of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, affirm.總體來講，這群人在智商測(cè)試中成績(jī)很好，得分比100分的平均分高12至15分，但就像這個(gè)民族的精英，包括一些全球著名的科學(xué)家的事業(yè)所證實(shí)的那樣，這個(gè)民族對(duì)西方學(xué)術(shù)及文化的貢獻(xiàn)于他們的智商卻不成正比。

　　convey★

　　構(gòu)詞con共同+vey道路→共同用路→運(yùn)輸

　　v.1.transport傳送; transmit傳播