A

　　abandon★

　　構詞a不+ban禁止+don給予→不禁止給出去→放棄

　　vt. 1.give up completely放棄

　　2.forsake，desert 遺棄, 丟棄

　　3.yield completely to 放肆, 放縱; 沉湎于

　　n. freedom from worry or inhibitions放肆; 放縱; 盡情; 任意

　　真題連線2001 Passage 5

　　Abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. 放棄“忙忙碌碌”的生活哲學，轉而過一種“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的生活所帶來的回報，比經濟成功和社會地位更有價值。

　　absolute★

　　構詞ab不+solute松開→決不松開→絕對的

　　a.1.complete; total絕對的; 完全的, 純粹的,確實的

　　2.unrestricted; unlimited; unqualified無條件的, 不受限制的

　　3.having unlimited power 專制的, 獨斷的

　　4.certain; undoubted 確實的, 肯定的

　　真題連線2001 Passage 5

　　My experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. 我這個被美國人稱為“放慢生活節(jié)奏”的試驗，卻使我老掉牙的借口變成了絕對的現(xiàn)實。

　　absorb★

　　構詞ab表強調+sorb吸→吸引

　　vt.1.to take sth in through 吸收

　　2.include sth/sb as part of; merge with 并吞

　　3.hold the interest of sb fully使(精神)貫注

　　習慣用語be absorbed by 被…吞并, 為…所吸收

　　be absorbed in 全神貫注在…, 一心從事, 熱衷于

　　absorb sb.’s attention 吸引某人注意

　　真題連線2007 Part C

　　Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.通過并運用法律來提高判斷能力是一名新聞記者為其職業(yè)生涯做好知識準備的一個重要組成部分。

　　absorbed★

　　構詞ab.表強調+sorb吸+ed形容詞后綴→被吸引的→全神貫注的;專心的

　　a.wholly involved or occupied; engrossed 熱衷的，專注的

　　真題連線2006 Text 1

　　People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption”launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. 人們被一種消費文化所吸引，這種文化是由十九世紀在高雅的氛圍中陳列著琳瑯滿目的商品的百貨商店所發(fā)起的。

　　abstract★

　　構詞abs離開+tract拉，拖→拉出，抽

　　a.1.existing in thought but not having practical抽象的; 理論上的, 不現(xiàn)實的

　　2.difficult to understand;深奧的;難以理解的

　　vt. 1.to take away; remove抽取;拿走

　　2.to summarize;概括;歸納

　　n.摘要，梗概

　　鏈接abstracteda.心不在焉的

　　abstractionn.提取

　　習慣用語in the abstract 抽象地, 觀念上, 理論上; make an abstract of 把…的要點摘錄下來

　　真題連線2003 英譯漢

　　Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture”, like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 因此，人類學中的“文化”概念就像數學中“集”的概念一樣，是一個抽象概念。它使大量的具體研究和認識成為可能。

　abundant★

　　構詞ab 表強調+und波動+ant形容詞后綴→多得象波浪一樣→豐富的

　　a.plentiful大量的，充足的，豐富的

　　習慣用語abundant in富于…;…很豐富

　　真題連線2005 Text 1

　　Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. 不公平而引起的憤怒感似乎不是人類的專利。拒絕接受較少的酬勞可以讓這些情緒準確無誤地傳達給其它成員。

　　abuse★

　　構詞ab 偏離+use用→偏離正常使用→濫用

　　v.1.to use wrongly or improperly; misuse亂用，濫用

　　2.to hurt or injure by maltreatment虐待，傷害

　　n.1.improper use or handling; misuse 誤用;惡習

　　2.physical maltreatment虐待，傷害

　　真題連線1997 Passage 3

　　The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine. 他們常用“物質濫用”而不用“藥物濫用”來清楚表明濫用酒精、煙草這樣的物質如同濫用海洛因和可卡因一樣有害。

　　accelerate★

　　構詞ac表方向 +celer快，速+ate動詞后綴→加速

　　vt.1.to increase the speed of 加速，促進，加快…的速度

　　2.cause to occur sooner than expected使比預期發(fā)生的要早

　　鏈接acceleration n.加速，增速

　　真題連線2001英譯漢

　　According to BT’s futurologist，Ian Pearson，these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1000years)，when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life. 根據英國電訊公司的未來學家伊恩·皮爾遜的看法，上述種種科研成就均屬新千年的比較初幾十年內的開發(fā)項目之列，屆時超級計算機將大大加快人類生活各個領域里的進步。

　　access★

　　構詞ac表方向+cess走過去→接近

　　n.1.means of approaching or entering (a place)(接近或進入某地的)方法; 通路;入口

　　2.opportunity or right to use sth or approach sb接近某人的機會或權利;到達，享有權

　　v.存取

　　真題連線2008 Text 2

　　The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government�瞗unded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality. 網絡——連同來自于投資機構的壓力，他們質疑為什么商業(yè)出版商通過限制人們的使用來從政府資助的科學研究中獲利——使免費接觸到科學成果成為一個現(xiàn)實。

　　accessible★

　　構詞access+ible形容詞后綴→可接近的

　　a.1.easily approached or entered易接近的，易進入的

　　2.easily obtained易得到的

　　3.easy to talk to or get along with易相處的

　　真題連線2002英譯漢

　　As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood，however，effects once assigned to states of mind，feelings，and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions. 然而，由于人(生物)和環(huán)境之間的相互作用已經逐漸被人們所認識，所以現(xiàn)在正開始從已知的環(huán)境去尋找一度認為是心態(tài)、情感和性格特征所造成的影響其根源所在�！�accommodation★

　　構詞ac表強調+com共同+mod方式，模式，風度+ ion名詞后綴→住處, 膳宿

　　n.1.the act of accommodating or the state of being accommodated; adjustment適應

　　2.something that meets a need; a convenience.方便，方便設施

　　3.a seat, compartment, or room on a public vehicle.座位，車廂，房間

　　習慣用語come to an accommodation達到和解, 達到妥協(xié)

　　真題連線2002 Text 1

　　He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. 他看到了豪華的住宅、美麗的花園、晴朗的天氣等等。

　　accomplish★

　　構詞ac表強調+com共同+pli滿，填滿+ish動詞后綴→全部弄滿→完成

　　vt.to reach the end of; complete達到終點;完成;實現(xiàn)(計劃)

　　真題連線2009 Part C

　　The need of training is too evident; the pressure to accomplish a change in their attitude and habits is too urgent to leave these consequences wholly out of account. 顯而易見，這需要培訓;而且急需改變態(tài)度和習慣，這是我們不得不考慮的后果。

　　accord★

　　構詞ac表強調+cord心臟→一致

　　v.1.to cause to conform or agree; bring into harmony. 使符合，使同意;使和諧

　　2.to grant, especially as being due or appropriate授予，尤其是應該或恰當地

　　n. 符合，一致

　　習慣用語in accord with 與…一致, 與…契合(指見解, 觀點等); of one’s own accord 自愿地, 主動地

　　out of accord (with) (同…)不一致; (跟…)不調和; accord with 與…一致, 與…相符

　　真題連線2004 Text 4

　　Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. 按照霍夫斯塔特的觀點，才學不同于天生的智力，它是一種我們不太情愿去贊賞的品質。

　　accountant▲

　　構詞ac表強調+count計數+ant人→會計

　　n.會計人員，會計師

　　真題連線1999 Passage 3

　　It is, however, presumptuous to insist that there will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many businessmen, so many accountants. 然而，去臆斷科學家、商人、會計職位的數量是武斷的。

　　accumulate▲

　　構詞ac表強調+cumul堆積+ate→堆積起來→積累

　　v.gradually get or gather together積累, 聚集而成;堆積

　　真題連線2001 Passage1

　　Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. 專業(yè)化可被視為針對科學知識不斷膨脹這個問題所作出的反應。

　　accurate ★

　　構詞ac表強調+cur關心+ate→表強調關心，弄精確為止

　　a.1.free from error 正確無誤的

　　2.careful and exact 精確的; 準確的

　　真題連線1995 Passage 3

　　Those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed. 那些擁有準確、可信、比較新信息并用來解決日常問題、工作中的重要問題以及社會和家庭問題的人就能生存下去并取得成功。

　　accuracy★

　　構詞ac表強調+cur關心+acy名詞后綴→正確

　　n.conformity to fact.準確;準確度;準確(性)

　　真題連線2002 Text 2

　　And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy-far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. 由于電子和微觀機械儀器的不斷縮小，現(xiàn)在已有一些機器人系統(tǒng)能夠進行精確到毫米的腦部和骨髓手術，其精確性遠遠超過熟練的醫(yī)生用他們的雙手所能達到的水平。

　acknowledge★

　　構詞ac表強調+knowldge知識，學識;知道→承認;答謝;報償;告知收到

　　v.1.accept the truth of (sth); admit (sth) 承認(某事物)屬實; 供認(某事物)

　　2.report that one has received (sth) 告知已收到(某物)

　　鏈接acknowledgementn.承認; 致謝; 感謝

　　真題連線2006 Text 3

　　Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative. 渥姆博士承認這些數字還只是保守數字。

　　acquaintance★

　　構詞ac使+quaint知道+ance名詞后綴→熟悉

　　n.1.knowledge of a person acquired by a relationship less intimate than friendship認識，相識，了解

　　2.a person whom one knows熟人

　　習慣用語a passing acquaintance with對…的膚淺的了解

　　have no acquaintance with不熟悉, 不了解

　　make the acquaintance of sb.(make sb.�搒 acquaintance)結識某人

　　真題連線2001 Passage 5

　　While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline—after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late-80s—and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. 在美國，這種趨勢一開始是對經濟衰落所做出的一種反應——出現(xiàn)于80年代后期縮小經濟規(guī)模所引起的大量人員冗余之后——在英國，至少在我所認識的中產階級的簡化生活者中，這種趨勢仍被認為與節(jié)儉有關聯(lián)，雖然如此，然而我們有著不同的緣由去尋求，使自己的生活簡單化。

　　acquire★

　　構詞ac表強調+quire尋求得到→獲取

　　vt.1.acquired, acquiring獲得(知識等);取得;養(yǎng)成(習慣)

　　2.to gain possession of 占有

　　習慣用語acquire currency 傳播; 流傳, 散布 acquire acknowledge of 求得…的知識

　　真題連線2003 Text 2

　　They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. 他們應該對讀者致編輯的來信及時做出反應，以防止動物權利倡導者借機偽裝起真理的外表，猖獗盛行。

　　acquisitive★

　　構詞ac表強調+quis尋求，詢問+itive形容詞后綴→一再尋求→貪婪的

　　a.1.characterized by a strong desire to gain and possess渴望得到的，貪婪的

　　2.tending to acquire and retain ideas or information獲得并保存的

　　習慣用語be acquisitive of(迫切地)想獲得

　　真題連線2000 Passage 5

　　What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. 現(xiàn)在的情況是人們不能像以前那樣輕易地、公開地坦陳自己的夢想，惟恐別人認為自己愛出風頭、貪婪、庸俗不堪。

　　act★

　　構詞act to do , to drive,“行動，做”

　　n.1.the process of doing or performing sth過程;一幕

　　2.a decisional product delivered by a legislative body.法案，法令

　　3.a formal written record of proceedings or transactions備忘錄，會議記錄

　　v.1.to play the part of; assume the dramatic role of扮演

　　2.to behave like or pose as; impersonate假裝

　　習慣用語be in on the act參與;clean up(one’s)act改進舉止

　　get into the act加入，參與;get(one’s)act together組織起來，有頭緒

　　真題連線1996 Passage 3

　　The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away. 為公司做事的經理與員工及他們的需求關系更加直接，但即便是這個經理也很少像逐漸消失的傳統(tǒng)家族企業(yè)中的、更具家族化體制下的雇主那樣對員工的情況了如指掌。

　　activate★

　　構詞act行動，做+ivate使動用法→使…活動

　　v.make(sth)active 使(某事物)活動

　　鏈接active a.活躍的，敏捷的，積極的;在活動中的

　　真題連線1997 Passage 3

　　Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. 興奮劑主要起到加速或激活中樞神經系統(tǒng)的作用，而鎮(zhèn)靜劑則相反：減緩它的活動。

　actual★

　　構詞act行動，做+ual 形容詞后綴→真實的

　　a.existing in fact; real 實在的; 真實的; 實際的; 確實的

　　鏈接actually ad.實際地; 實在地

　　真題連線1997英譯漢

　　Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. 事實并非如此，因為這種問法是以人們對人的權利有共同的認識為基礎的，而這種共同認識并不存在。

　　acute★

　　構詞acu尖，酸，銳利+te形容詞后綴→尖銳的，敏銳的

　　a.1.keenly perceptive or discerning; penetrating敏銳的, 知覺敏銳的或有辨別能力的

　　2.extremely sharp or severe; intense劇烈的;強烈的

　　3.of great importance or consequence; crucial: 嚴重的;關鍵的,至關重要的或有重大后果的;決定性的

　　真題連線1996 Passage 4

　　Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage. 目光敏銳的外國觀察家把美國人的適應能力和創(chuàng)新能力與這種教育優(yōu)勢聯(lián)系起來。

　　adapt★

　　構詞ad表強調+apt適應，能力→表強調適應

　　v.1.make sth suitable for a new use, situation 適合新的用途、 情況

　　2.become adjusted to new conditions, etc 適應(新環(huán)境等)

　　鏈接adaptable a.能適應的; 適應性強的:

　　真題連線1999年英譯漢

　　Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. 社會科學研究的方法必須改變以適應這樣一條指導，即以史料為基礎，而不是為當代社會之需。

　　addict★

　　構詞ad表強調+dict說→說了還說→沉溺

　　n.1.person who is unable to stop taking drugs有癮的人

　　2.person who is strongly interested in sth 對某事物有強烈興趣的人

　　v. strongly interested in sth as a hobby 嗜好

　　鏈接addictive a.使人上癮的;addicteda.上癮的

　　真題連線1997 Passage 3

　　Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. 很多人錯誤地認為“藥物”這個詞僅僅指某些藥品或是吸毒者服用的違禁化學品。

　　adequate★

　　構詞ad表強調+equ相等，平均+ate動詞后綴→足夠的;可以勝任的

　　a.sufficient to satisfy a requirement or meet a need足夠的,足以滿足要求或需求的

　　真題連線2004 Cloze Test

　　The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate parental control. 后者也許會因為父母的管教不嚴而犯罪。

　　adjective★[MZ)][5AdViktiv]

　　構詞ad增加+ject投擲，扔+ive形容詞后綴→扔上去的→附加的

　　a.1.grammar adjectival形容詞的

　　2.law prescriptive; remedial(法律) 程序的;補救的

　　真題連線2000 Passage 3

　　We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. 我們必須大量使用基本詞匯，擺脫句號，修飾性形容詞及限定動詞的羈絆。

　　adjoining★

　　構詞ad再+join結合，連接+ing形容詞后綴→毗鄰的

　　a.neighboring; contiguous貼鄰的;毗連的

　　真題連線2005 Text 1

　　However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. 但是，當兩個猴子被安置在隔開但相鄰的兩個房間里，能夠互相看見對方用石頭換回來什么東西時，猴子的行為就會變得明顯不同。

　　adjust★

　　構詞ad表強調+just正“使變正→調整，校正”

　　v.1.put(sth)into the correct order or position; arrange 整理; 整頓; 安排

　　2.become or make suited(to new conditions); adapt 使適合(新環(huán)境等); 適應

　　鏈接adjustable a.可調節(jié)的; 可調整的adjustment n.調整;評定

　　真題連線2003 Cloze Test

　　Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others. 因為年輕人正在適應他們新的身體和許許多多新的知識和情感挑戰(zhàn)，所以他們特別愛面子并且需要信心，這種信心來自取得成功和來自知道他們的成就受到其他人的羨慕。

　　administration★

　　構詞ad+minister(mini小+ster→小人→古代大臣稱自己是“小人”→部長，大臣)+ation名詞后綴→做部長→管理

　　n.1.management經營

　　2.the activity of a sovereign state in the exercise of its powers or duties.行政

　　習慣用語under sb.’s administration在某人的管理下; during the administration of sb.在某人的任期內

　　真題連線2005 Text 2

　　If the administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures . 如果政府不爭取立法上的主動權，國會就應該幫助政府開始采取保護措施。

　　admire★

　　構詞ad表強調+mire驚奇，看→表強調讓人驚喜→羨慕

　　v.1.to regard with pleasure, wonder, and approval 以愉快、驚奇及贊同的心情看待

　　2.to enjoy喜歡，想要喜歡(某物)

　　真題連線2004 Text4

　　Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. 按照霍夫斯塔特的觀點，才學不同于天生的智力，它是一種我們不太情愿去贊賞的品質。

　　admit★

　　構詞ad表強調+mit送，放出→送來→許可進入

　　vt.1.to permit to enter允許進入

　　2.to permit to exercise the rights, 許可，準許允許行使…的權利

　　3.to grant to be real, valid, or true確認承認是真實的，有事實根據的

　　vi.1.to afford possibility提供可能性

　　2.to allow entrance允許進入;通往

　　真題連線2000 Passage 3

　　With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be - even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature. 然而，就未來派詩歌而言，情況卻相當不同，因為無論未來派詩歌為何物——即使承認其理論根據可能正確，也很難稱之為文學。

　　adopt★

　　構詞ad增加+opt選擇→通過選擇增加→采納

　　v.1.take sb into one’s family 收養(yǎng)某人

　　2.take over采納

　　3.choose sb as a candidate or representative 挑選某人作候選人或代表

　　鏈接adoptivea.過繼的; 采納的

　　真題連線2009 Text 2

　　Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption.在這些測試當中，比較受歡迎的是父子關系及親屬關系測試——被收養(yǎng)的孩子可以用它來找到與自己有血緣關系的親屬，家庭也可以用此來查找供收養(yǎng)的小孩子的親屬關系。

　　advocate★

　　構詞ad增強+voc叫喊，聲音+ate動詞后綴→增強聲音→擁護

　　v.speak publicly in favour of(sth); recommend; support 擁護; 提倡; 支持

　　n.擁護者, 鼓吹者, 提倡者

　　真題連線2003 Text 2

　　Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. 科學家應該對動物權利鼓吹者做出強有力的回應，因為他們的言論混淆了公眾的視聽，從而威脅到衛(wèi)生知識和衛(wèi)生服務的進步。

　　affect★

　　構詞af表強調+fect做，制作→使人做→影響

　　v.1.have an influence on; produce an effect on 影響

　　2.cause (sb) to have feelings of sadness or sympathy; touch 使人有悲傷或同情的感覺; 感動

　　鏈接affecting a.動人的; 感人的

　　affection n.愛，愛慕之情

　　真題連線2001 Passage 1

　　Specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. 專業(yè)化僅是科學領域內一系列影響交流過程的有關現(xiàn)象之一。

　　afford▲

　　構詞af表強調+ford拿出→表強調拿出→買得起

　　v.have enough money, time, space, etc for (a specified purpose)為某目的有足夠的錢、時間等;負擔得起

　　真題連線1999英譯漢

　　While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy，the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past. 盡管歷史學曾經崇尚它與文學和哲學的相似性，但新興的社會科學似乎為人們提出新問題和提供了解過去的有效途徑開辟了更為廣闊的天地。

　agency★

　　構詞ag做，代理做+ency表機構或狀態(tài)→代理機構

　　n.business or place of business providing a service 經銷; 代理; 經銷處; 代理處

　　真題連線2003 Text 1

　　Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. 司特雷福公司的簡報聽上去不像華盛頓當局的常規(guī)公文，在那兒，政府機構出言謹慎，以防出錯。

　　agenda★

　　構詞ag做，代理做+enda表示復數名詞→做的事情→議程

　　n.1.sth discussed at a meeting 議事單; 議程表

　　2.a list or program of things to be done or considered議事日程

　　真題連線2006 Text 4

　　And since these messages have an agenda——to lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. 由于這樣的信息都有一項任務——即從我們的口袋里撬走錢包——所以它們使“幸福”的概念本身顯得虛假。

　　agent★

　　構詞ag做，代理做+ent表人或物→做的人→代理人

　　n.1.one empowered to act for or represent another代理人;代理商

　　2.a means by which sth is done or caused中介;動因;手段

　　真題連線2004 Text 1

　　Search agents reduce the need for repeated visits to the databases. 有了搜索代理，就沒那么多必要反復訪問資料庫了。

　　aggressive★

　　構詞ag表強調+gress行走+ive形容詞后綴→侵略性的

　　a.apt or ready to attack; offensive; quarrelsome侵略的, 好攻擊的, 攻擊性的

　　真題連線2004 Text5

　　Physicians—frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient - too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. 醫(yī)生由于不能治愈疾病，同時又擔心病人失去希望，常常采用極端大膽的治療方法，這些方法遠遠超出了科學能夠認同的界限。

　　agony★

　　構詞agon痛苦+y名詞后綴→痛苦

　　n.the suffering of intense physical or mental pain痛苦

　　鏈接agonize v.感到苦惱

　　真題連線2002 Text 4

　　On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. 另一方面，許多醫(yī)療界人士承認，致使醫(yī)助自殺這場爭論升溫的部分原因是由于病人們的絕望情緒，對這些病人來說，現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學延長了臨終前肉體的痛苦。

　　agricultural★

　　構詞agri田地，農業(yè)+culture培養(yǎng)+al形容詞后綴→農業(yè)的

　　a.農業(yè)的, 耕種的, 農學(上)的

　　真題連線2000 Cloze Test

　　He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance against--the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to feed the soil. 他必須儲存大量谷物。而不是立即將之消費殆盡,惟有使糧食贏余，他才能繼續(xù)養(yǎng)活自己及家人。他可將盈余用于以下三個方面：作為耕播的種子;應付難以預料的壞天氣的后備;將之作為商品出售，以更新舊農具并購得肥田用的化肥。

　　alarm★

　　構詞al表強調+arm武器→去拿武器→警報

　　n.1.warning sound or signal 警報 ;

　　2.apparatus that gives such a warning 警報器; 警報裝置

　　真題連線2004 Text 3

　　But don’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt-tightening.不過，目前還不必敲什么警鐘。消費者看起來略顯憂慮，并沒有驚慌失措。許多人雖然稍微勒緊腰帶，但他們說對于經濟的長期前景還是樂觀的。

　　allegation★

　　構詞al表強調+lege講，讀+ ion名詞后綴→主張，斷言, 辯解

　　n.the act of alleging 主張，斷言, 辯解

　　真題連線2003 Text 2

　　Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal. 當人們聽到醫(yī)學實驗虐待動物的指控時，許多人都不明白為什么有人會故意傷害動物。

　alter★

　　構詞alter其他的→變成其它的→變更

　　v.1.to change or make different; modify變更;修飾;

　　2.to adjust (a garment) for a better fit修改

　　鏈接alterable a.可變的, 可改的

　　真題連線1997 Passage 3

　　Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. 影響中樞神經系統(tǒng)、改變感知覺和行為的藥物(物質)被稱為心理活動物質。

　　alternative★

　　構詞alternate交替+ive形容詞后綴→二者擇一的

　　n.the choice between two mutually exclusive possibilities兩者擇一，抉擇

　　真題連線2002 Text 1

　　If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses. 如果你在和一群經理談話，你就可以談論他們秘書的散漫和低效率;相反，如果你在和一群秘書談話，你就可以評論他們老板是怎樣的組織不善。

　　ambition★

　　構詞amb處處+it走+ion名詞后綴→到處走動想實現(xiàn)抱負→雄心

　　n.1.an eager or strong desire to achieve sth野心,雄心

　　2.desire for exertion or activity; energy勁頭;精力

　　真題連線2000 Passage 5

　　If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition—wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny—must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf. 個人的雄心如果能被正確看待的話，那么它的回報——財富、聲譽、對命運的掌握——則應該被認為值得為之付出犧牲。

　　ambitious★

　　構詞ambiti+ous形容詞后綴→有雄心的

　　a.1.full of, characterized by, or motivated by ambition.野心勃勃的

　　2.greatly desirous; eager:熱望的;渴望的

　　真題連線2000 Passage 5

　　For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.” 對于這樣的人，還有那些也許不太出色的人而言，“不惜一切代價獲得成功，但避免讓他人看出雄心勃勃”是對他們比較好的詮釋。

　　amendment★

　　構詞a表強調+mend改錯+ment名詞后綴→改正，(憲法)修正

　　n.1.the act of changing for the better; improvement改進;改善

　　2.a correction or an alteration, as in a manuscript稿件改正，稿件修改

　　3.formal revision of, addition to, or change, as in a bill or a constitution.修正案，修正條款

　　真題連線1997 Passage 4

　　“Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce. “我們中的一些人多年來就知道憲法第一修正案所說的自由并非毫無限制，”魯斯說。

　　ample★

　　構詞ampl大+e 形容詞后綴→寬大的

　　a.of large or great size, amount, or capacity充分的，富裕的;寬敞的，寬大的

　　鏈接amplifier n.放大器，擴大器

　　真題連線2000 Passage 5

　　We are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home. 我們目睹了比以前任何時候都多的虛偽景觀：美國物欲主義批評家在南安普頓擁有一幢避暑別墅。

　　analogy★

　　構詞ana一樣+log說話+y名詞后綴→說的一樣→類比

　　n.similarity in some respects between things that are otherwise dissimilar類似，相似，類比，類推

　　真題連線2007 Text 2

　　IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks.智商測試要求你完成口頭和視覺分析，要求你在紙張被折疊、剪切后想象它的形狀，要求你推論數字的順序，以及其他類似的項目。

　　analysis★

　　構詞ana再次+lys裂開，分解+is表名詞→再次分解→分析

　　n.1.the separation of an intellectual or substantial whole into its constituent parts for individual study分解

　　2.the stated findings of such a separation or determination.分析報告

　　鏈接analyze vt.分析

　　真題連線2005 Text 2

　　Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research—a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”. 他們沒有出臺行動計劃，相反只是繼續(xù)迫切要求進行更多的研究——這是一個經典的“分析導致麻痹案例”。

　　ancestor★

　　構詞an在前面的+cest行走，前進+or人→走在前面的人→祖先

　　n.a forerunner or predecessor 祖宗，祖先;原型，先驅

　　真題連線2005 Text 1

　　However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 然而這種公平感是在卷尾猴和人類身上各自獨立演化而成，還是來自三千五百萬前他們共同的祖先，這還是一個懸而未決的問題。

　　anecdote★

　　構詞anec未出版+dote給予→說出來的故事

　　n.a short account of an interesting or humorous incident 軼事，趣聞，短故事

　　真題連線1998 Passage 2

　　There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics. 正如財政部長羅伯特·魯賓所說的，生產力發(fā)生飛躍的商業(yè)傳奇與統(tǒng)計數字所反映的情況之間存在著一種“脫節(jié)”。

　　announce★

　　構詞an表強調+nounce講話，說出→表強調講→宣布

　　v.1.make (sth) known publicly 宣布; 宣告;發(fā)表

　　2.make known the presence or arrival通報

　　鏈接 announcement n.宣布; 宣告; 通告

　　真題連線1997 Passage 4

　　...he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music. 他還宣布公司將致力于為一些人們可能會反感的音樂制定發(fā)行和標識的標準。

　　annual★

　　構詞ann年，一年+ual形容詞后綴→一年一次的

　　a.1.happening every year 每年的; 年度的

　　2.calculated for the year 按年度計算的

　　n.book or periodical that is published once a year 年鑒; 年刊; 年報

　　鏈接annually ad.年年地, 每年地

　　真題連線1998 Passage 4

　　Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years. 即使如此，人口總數也只增加了11.4%，除了大蕭條時期，這是美國年度記錄比較低的增長率。

　　anthropological▲

　　構詞anthropo人類+logical形容詞后綴→人類學的

　　a.人類學的, 人類學上的

　　鏈接anthropologist▲n.人類學者, 人類學家

　　真題連線2003英譯漢

　　Thus，the anthropological concept of“culture”，like the concept of“set”in mathematics，is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding. 因此，人類學中的“文化”概念就像數學中“集”的概念一樣，是一個抽象概念。它使大量的具體研究和認識成為可能。

　　anticipate★

　　構詞anti前+cip抓+ate動詞后綴→先拿→預期

　　v.to feel or realize beforehand; foresee; fulfill in advance預料;期望;預先考慮;提前使用

　　鏈接anticipation n.預期, 預料

　　真題連線1999 Passage 1

　　What we anticipate seldom occurs; what we lest expected generally happens.我們所預料的事很少發(fā)生，比較預料不到的事卻往往出現(xiàn)。

　　apparent★

　　構詞ap表強調+par看見+ent形容詞后綴→表強調能看見→顯而易見

　　a.1.clearly seen or understood; obvious 清楚易見或易懂; 顯然

　　2.seeming; unreal 表面上的; 假的

　　鏈接 apparently ad.看來; 似乎

　　真題連線2002 Text 1

　　Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. 包括一些很隨便的、看上去是即興的話，你可以用輕松的、不做作的方式把它們說出來。

　appearance★

　　構詞appear出現(xiàn)+ance性質，狀況“(表名詞)→外表

　　n.1.the act or an instance of coming into sight.出現(xiàn)，顯露

　　2.outward aspect 外表，外貌

　　3.something that appears; a phenomenon景象;現(xiàn)象

　　習慣用語at first appearance乍看起來; from all appearance(s)看來, 顯然

　　give the appearance of裝出…的樣子; 看起來象 put on the appearance of裝出…樣子

　　真題連線2003 Text 2

　　They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. 他們應該對讀者致編輯的來信及時做出反應，以防止動物權利倡導者借機偽裝起真理的外表，猖獗盛行。

　　appreciate★

　　構詞ap表強調+prec價值+iate動詞后綴→給以價值→評價;欣賞

　　vt.1.to be thankful or show gratitude for為…表示感激，感謝

　　2.to recognize the quality, significance of; to admire greatly; value; 欣賞，賞識，評價

　　3.to be fully aware of or sensitive to; realize意識到

　　真題連線2007 part B

　　Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that appreciates them.比較重要的是，這些剛剛成年的人應該覺得，他們受到一個重視他們的家庭的尊重與支持。

　　approach★

　　構詞ap表強調+proach接近→接近

　　v.1.to come or go near or nearer to靠近,接近

　　2.to begin to deal with or work on 著手開始處理或工作

　　n.1.the act of approaching 接近

　　2.a way or means of reaching sth途徑;入門方式

　　習慣用語at the approach of 在…快到的時候

　　be approaching(to) 與…差不多, 大致相等

　　make an approach to 對…進行探討; make approaches to sb.設法接近某人, 想博得某人的好感

　　真題連線2009 Part B

　　Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. 在博厄斯許多弟子的影響下，“歷史特殊性”成為美國人類學文化研究中的主導方法。

　　appropriate★

　　構詞ap表強調+propri“擁有”，引申為“恰當的”+ate動詞或形容詞后綴→表強調擁有公物→挪用

　　a.suitable for a particular person, condition, occasion, or place; fitting 適當的,恰當的,特有的

　　vt.to take possession of or make use of exclusively for oneself 撥給,挪用,盜用

　　真題連線2000 英譯漢

　　As a result of all these factors，governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect. 由于這些因素的結果，政府正越來越多地依靠生物學家和社會科學家來安排適當的規(guī)劃，并付諸實施。

　　arbiter★

　　構詞arbit判斷+er表示人→仲裁人

　　n.1.an arbitrator.仲裁人，公斷人

　　2.one who has the power to judge or ordain at will主宰者

　　真題連線2003 Text 3

　　“Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?” asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper. “我們是否真的想讓鐵路公司成為在市場上決定誰敗誰榮的裁決者呢?”一位經常代理貨運商的華盛頓牧師馬丁·貝科維奇提出了疑問。

　　arithmetic▲

　　構詞arithm計算+etic 人或學科(表名詞)→算術

　　n.算術算法

　　鏈接arithmetical a.算術的; 關于算術的

　　arithmetician n.算術家

　　真題連線1996 Passage 4

　　Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics, especially in the New England and Middle atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry. 為什么要提小學教育?正是因為有了這些學校，我們的早期技工才普遍能讀會寫，并精通算術及部分幾何和三角方面的知識，這種情況在新英格蘭和大西洋中部各州尤為可見。

　arrange★

　　構詞ar表強調+range排列，順序→排列起來→安排

　　v.1.put (sth) in order; make tidy, neat or attractive 安排; 整理; 布置; 排列

　　2.plan the details of (a future event); organize in advance 籌備; 安排

　　真題連線1996 Cloze Test

　　They are different in that trend their elements are arranged differently , and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body. 它們的不同之處在于每種維生素內的元素排列不同，并且每種維生素在人體內都有一種或多種特殊作用。

　　arrival★

　　構詞ar被強調+riv河岸+al名詞后綴→到達河岸→到達;到達者

　　n.1.the act of arriving到達

　　2.one that arrives or has arrived到達者

　　真題連線2002 Text 1

　　“Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter.“這是誰啊?”新來的人問圣彼得。

　　article★

　　構詞art技巧，關節(jié)，詭計+icle東西→用技巧做出的東西→物品

　　n.1.particular or separate thing物件; 物品

　　2.piece of writing, complete in itself文章

　　真題連線1995 Passage 1

　　He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. 他這樣做的時間不會很長，因為慶幸的是，公眾有良好的判斷力，不會一而再地去購買劣質商品。

　　artificial★

　　構詞art藝術，技巧+fic做→用技巧做出的→人工的

　　a.1.made or produced by man in imitation of sth natural; not real 人造的; 人工的; 假的

　　2.affected; insincere; not genuine 做作的; 虛假的

　　真題連線2001 04年英譯漢

　　Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine，including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040. 醫(yī)學界將取得比較大進展，其中包括延長人的壽命和從現(xiàn)在到2040年間將陸續(xù)投入使用的幾十種人造器官。

　　aside▲

　　構詞a在…的+side旁邊→在邊上

　　ad.on or to one side of the main position, direction, etc 在一邊; 向一邊

　　n.aside 旁白;順便說的話

　　真題連線2002 Text 1

　　Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. 所有人都很安靜、禮貌和友善，然而當這位新來的人在排隊等候午餐時，突然被一位穿白大褂的人推到一旁。只見這人擠到了隊伍的前頭，抓起他的食物，噔噔地旁若無人地走到一張餐桌旁。

　　aspect★

　　構詞a表強調+spect看→看的東西→外表，容貌

　　n.1.particular part or feature of sth being considered 方面

　　2.appearance or look樣子, 容貌, 神態(tài)

　　3.side of a building that faces a particular direction (建筑物的)方向, 方位

　　真題連線2007 Text 2

　　Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests. 其他標準測試，比如學術能力檢測以及研究生入學考試，包含了智商測試的主要方面。

　　aspire★

　　構詞a表強調+spire呼吸→看到渴望的東西表強調呼吸→熱望

　　vi.1.to have a great ambition or ultimate goal; desire strongly有雄心大志;強烈地渴望

　　2.to strive toward an end渴望,追求

　　鏈接apiration n.渴望，熱望

　　真題連線2005 Text 4

　　American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. 美國人已不再期待公眾人物在演講或寫作中能運用技巧和文采來駕馭英語，而公眾人物自己也不渴望這樣。

　assault ★

　　構詞as表強調+sault跳→表強調跳起來→進攻

　　v.to make an assault 猛烈地攻擊，襲擊

　　n.a violent physical or verbal attack 突然而猛烈的攻擊

　　真題連線2000 Passage 4

　　Last year Japan experienced 2125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. 去年日本發(fā)生了2125起校園暴力事件，其中包括929起襲擊老師事件。

　　assemble★

　　構詞as表強調+semble相類似，一樣→不斷使東西相同→組裝[東西]

　　v.1.to bring or call together into a group or whole:召集

　　2.to fit together the parts or pieces of裝配

　　vi.to gather together; congregate集合

　　真題連線1998 Passage 3

　　Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “the Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995, and “Science in the age of (Mis)information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo. 科學的捍衛(wèi)者們也在一些會議上表示了他們的擔憂。比如，1995年在紐約舉行的“遠離科學和理性”會議，以及去年6月在布法羅附近召開的“信息(迷信)時代的科學”會議。

　　assert★

　　構詞as表強調+sert加入，插入→強行插入觀點→斷言

　　vt.1.to state or express positively; affirm斷言

　　2. to defend or maintain維護，堅持(自己的權利)

　　n.1.the act of asserting.武斷的行為

　　2.something declared or stated positively斷言

　　鏈接assertion n.主張, 斷言, 聲明

　　習慣用語assert oneself堅持自己的權利; 表現(xiàn)自己的權威

　　真題連線2008英譯漢

　　He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.他此外還斷言，在深入理解冗長且完全抽象的觀點上，他的能力有限。有鑒于此，他曾確信自己在數學方面不會有成就。

　　assess ★

　　構詞as表強調+sess坐→坐在一旁→評審→估價

　　vt.to estimate the value of (property); determine the value; appraise評估(財產、收入);征稅;評價

　　真題連線2007 Text 2

　　In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.在其名為“智力測試如何明智?”這篇文章中，斯頓伯格指出，傳統(tǒng)的測試比較恰當地評估了分析能力和語言表達能力，但沒有測量創(chuàng)造性和實際知識，這些也是解決問題、在生活中取得成功的關鍵因素。

　　asset ★

　　構詞as朝向+set充足→走向富裕→有財產

　　1.valuable or useful quality or useful person有價值的, 有用的特性, 有用的人

　　2.thing, especially property, owned by a person, company, etc資產

　　真題連線2007 Text 4

　　Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore - and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.當然，對于比較懷疑的管理人員來說，顯而易見的應該是，誠信(比較珍貴的經濟財產)被輕易破壞，而要恢復誠信卻代價高昂，此外，很少有什么比一個公司聽任敏感的個人信息落入不妥當人之手更可能破壞誠信的了。

　　assign★

　　構詞as表強調+sign記號，信號→不斷給人信號→指定

　　vt.to set apart for a particular purpose;select for a duty;appoint派給，分配;選定，指定

　　習慣用語 assignment n.分配，指派;(分派的)任務

　　真題連線2002英譯漢

　　As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood，however，effects once assigned to states of mind，feelings，and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions. 然而，由于人(生物)和環(huán)境之間的相互作用已經逐漸被人們所認識，所以現(xiàn)在正開始從已知的環(huán)境去尋找一度認為是心態(tài)、情感和性格特征所造成的影響其根源所在。

　arrange★

　　構詞ar表強調+range排列，順序→排列起來→安排

　　v.1.put (sth) in order; make tidy, neat or attractive 安排; 整理; 布置; 排列

　　2.plan the details of (a future event); organize in advance 籌備; 安排

　　真題連線1996 Cloze Test

　　They are different in that trend their elements are arranged differently , and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body. 它們的不同之處在于每種維生素內的元素排列不同，并且每種維生素在人體內都有一種或多種特殊作用。

　　arrival★

　　構詞ar被強調+riv河岸+al名詞后綴→到達河岸→到達;到達者

　　n.1.the act of arriving到達

　　2.one that arrives or has arrived到達者

　　真題連線2002 Text 1

　　“Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter.“這是誰啊?”新來的人問圣彼得。

　　article★

　　構詞art技巧，關節(jié)，詭計+icle東西→用技巧做出的東西→物品

　　n.1.particular or separate thing物件; 物品

　　2.piece of writing, complete in itself文章

　　真題連線1995 Passage 1

　　He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. 他這樣做的時間不會很長，因為慶幸的是，公眾有良好的判斷力，不會一而再地去購買劣質商品。

　　artificial★

　　構詞art藝術，技巧+fic做→用技巧做出的→人工的

　　a.1.made or produced by man in imitation of sth natural; not real 人造的; 人工的; 假的

　　2.affected; insincere; not genuine 做作的; 虛假的

　　真題連線2001 04年英譯漢

　　Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine，including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040. 醫(yī)學界將取得比較大進展，其中包括延長人的壽命和從現(xiàn)在到2040年間將陸續(xù)投入使用的幾十種人造器官。

　　aside▲

　　構詞a在…的+side旁邊→在邊上

　　ad.on or to one side of the main position, direction, etc 在一邊; 向一邊

　　n.aside 旁白;順便說的話

　　真題連線2002 Text 1

　　Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. 所有人都很安靜、禮貌和友善，然而當這位新來的人在排隊等候午餐時，突然被一位穿白大褂的人推到一旁。只見這人擠到了隊伍的前頭，抓起他的食物，噔噔地旁若無人地走到一張餐桌旁。

　　aspect★

　　構詞a表強調+spect看→看的東西→外表，容貌

　　n.1.particular part or feature of sth being considered 方面

　　2.appearance or look樣子, 容貌, 神態(tài)

　　3.side of a building that faces a particular direction (建筑物的)方向, 方位

　　真題連線2007 Text 2

　　Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests. 其他標準測試，比如學術能力檢測以及研究生入學考試，包含了智商測試的主要方面。

　　aspire★

　　構詞a表強調+spire呼吸→看到渴望的東西表強調呼吸→熱望

　　vi.1.to have a great ambition or ultimate goal; desire strongly有雄心大志;強烈地渴望

　　2.to strive toward an end渴望,追求

　　鏈接apiration n.渴望，熱望

　　真題連線2005 Text 4

　　American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. 美國人已不再期待公眾人物在演講或寫作中能運用技巧和文采來駕馭英語，而公眾人物自己也不渴望這樣。

　　assault ★

　　構詞as表強調+sault跳→表強調跳起來→進攻

　　v.to make an assault 猛烈地攻擊，襲擊

　　n.a violent physical or verbal attack 突然而猛烈的攻擊

　　真題連線2000 Passage 4

　　Last year Japan experienced 2125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. 去年日本發(fā)生了2125起校園暴力事件，其中包括929起襲擊老師事件。

　　assemble★

　　構詞as表強調+semble相類似，一樣→不斷使東西相同→組裝[東西]

　　v.1.to bring or call together into a group or whole:召集

　　2.to fit together the parts or pieces of裝配

　　vi.to gather together; congregate集合

　　真題連線1998 Passage 3

　　Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as “the Flight from Science and Reason,” held in New York City in 1995, and “Science in the age of (Mis)information,” which assembled last June near Buffalo. 科學的捍衛(wèi)者們也在一些會議上表示了他們的擔憂。比如，1995年在紐約舉行的“遠離科學和理性”會議，以及去年6月在布法羅附近召開的“信息(迷信)時代的科學”會議。

　　assert★

　　構詞as表強調+sert加入，插入→強行插入觀點→斷言

　　vt.1.to state or express positively; affirm斷言

　　2. to defend or maintain維護，堅持(自己的權利)

　　n.1.the act of asserting.武斷的行為

　　2.something declared or stated positively斷言

　　鏈接assertion n.主張, 斷言, 聲明

　　習慣用語assert oneself堅持自己的權利; 表現(xiàn)自己的權威

　　真題連線2008英譯漢

　　He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.他此外還斷言，在深入理解冗長且完全抽象的觀點上，他的能力有限。有鑒于此，他曾確信自己在數學方面不會有成就。

　　assess ★

　　構詞as表強調+sess坐→坐在一旁→評審→估價

　　vt.to estimate the value of (property); determine the value; appraise評估(財產、收入);征稅;評價

　　真題連線2007 Text 2

　　In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.在其名為“智力測試如何明智?”這篇文章中，斯頓伯格指出，傳統(tǒng)的測試比較恰當地評估了分析能力和語言表達能力，但沒有測量創(chuàng)造性和實際知識，這些也是解決問題、在生活中取得成功的關鍵因素。

　　asset ★

　　構詞as朝向+set充足→走向富裕→有財產

　　1.valuable or useful quality or useful person有價值的, 有用的特性, 有用的人

　　2.thing, especially property, owned by a person, company, etc資產

　　真題連線2007 Text 4

　　Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore - and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.當然，對于比較懷疑的管理人員來說，顯而易見的應該是，誠信(比較珍貴的經濟財產)被輕易破壞，而要恢復誠信卻代價高昂，此外，很少有什么比一個公司聽任敏感的個人信息落入不妥當人之手更可能破壞誠信的了。

　　assign★

　　構詞as表強調+sign記號，信號→不斷給人信號→指定

　　vt.to set apart for a particular purpose;select for a duty;appoint派給，分配;選定，指定

　　習慣用語 assignment n.分配，指派;(分派的)任務

　　真題連線2002英譯漢

　　As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood，however，effects once assigned to states of mind，feelings，and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions. 然而，由于人(生物)和環(huán)境之間的相互作用已經逐漸被人們所認識，所以現(xiàn)在正開始從已知的環(huán)境去尋找一度認為是心態(tài)、情感和性格特征所造成的影響其根源所在。

　　assimilate★

　　構詞as表強調+simil相類似，一樣+ate動詞后綴→不斷相同→同化

　　vt.to consume nutrients into the body after digestion吸收;使同化

　　vi.to become assimilated被吸收;被同化

　　真題連線2004 英譯漢

　　We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. 我們之所以感激他們，是因為從此以后，這些語言中的一部分消失了，因為講這些語言的人要么滅絕了，要么被同化了，因而喪失了自己的語言。

　　assist ★

　　構詞as表強調+sist站立→站在一起→幫助

　　vt.to give help or support to協(xié)助，幫助，促進

　　vi. to give aid or support; be present, 參加; 出席在場

　　習慣用語assist sb. with sth. = assist sb. to do sth. = assist sb. in doing sth. 幫助某人

　　真題連線2002 Text 4

　　The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. 比較高法庭關于醫(yī)生協(xié)助病人結束生命問題的裁決，對于如何用藥物減輕病危者的痛苦這個問題來說，具有重要的意義。

　　associate★

　　構詞as表強調+soc同伴，引申為社會+iate動詞后綴→成為社團→聯(lián)合

　　vt.to connect in the mind or imagination; to join together, combine聯(lián)想;交往;聯(lián)合

　　n.a companion; a comrade 伙伴

　　a.聯(lián)合的,副的associate professor [美]副教授

　　鏈接association n.聯(lián)盟，協(xié)會，社團;交往，聯(lián)合;聯(lián)想(associat(e)聯(lián)合+ion名詞后綴→社團)

　　真題連線2009 Part C

　　In the former case the education is incidental; it is natural and important, but it is not the express reason of the association. 對于前者，教育是偶然的，很自然，也很重要，但它不是這種聯(lián)系存在的特別的理由。

　　assume ★

　　構詞as表強調+sum拿，取+e動詞后綴→拿往→承擔

　　vt.1.to take for granted; suppose 假裝;假定，設想

　　2.to take upon oneself 承擔

　　3.to affect the appearance or possession of 呈現(xiàn)

　　4.to take on; adopt 采取

　　鏈接assumption n.假定，設想;采取;承擔;推測;假裝

　　真題連線2004 Text 1

　　The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be. 希臘人認為，語言結構與思維過程之間存在著某種聯(lián)系。這一觀點在人們尚未認識到語言的千差萬別以前就早已在歐洲扎下了根。

　　astronomer★

　　構詞astro星星+nomy學科+er 人→研究星星學科的人→天文學家

　　n.one that specializes in astronomy天文學家

　　真題連線1998英譯漢

　　Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures，but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well，the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. Cobe衛(wèi)星設計的目的就是觀察這些比較大的物體結構，但天文學家還想看到更為微小的熱點，即像星系中的星團和超星團這樣一些局部物體的粒子。

　　attach★

　　構詞at表強調+tach釘子→附上

　　v.1.to fasten, secure or join 系，貼

　　2.to connect as an adjunct or associated condition or part使聯(lián)系

　　3.to ascribe or assign歸咎于

　　4.to bind by emotional ties, as of affection or loyalty使喜愛，使依戀

　　鏈接attach oneself to依附;熱愛, 依戀; attach to歸因于, 適用于

　　be attached to連在…上, 附屬于;熱愛, 依戀

　　真題連線2009 Text 4

　　According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “so much important attached to intellectual pursuits.” 根據正統(tǒng)的美國哲學史的記載，美洲殖民地中沒有任何地方像北美這里一樣“對知識的追求如此重視”。

　attain★

　　構詞at 表強調+tain拿住→拿住了→獲得

　　vt.to achieve達到，獲得;

　　vi. to succeed in a directed effort, process, or progression到達

　　真題連線 2000 Passage 3

　　When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. 當一場新的藝術運動形成某種時尚時，理應弄清其倡導者的目標所在，因為無論他們的準則在今天看來是多么牽強附會、不可思議，將來都有可能被視為正常的。

　　attendance★

　　構詞at表強調+tend伸展+ance名詞后綴→伸展出去→出席

　　n.the act of attending.出席，參加

　　真題連線2006 Text 2

　　The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1，431 seats were 94 per cent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.劇院已經打破了連續(xù)三年以來的就座率紀錄。去年整年的1431個座位的就坐率達到了94%，今年將會更高。

　　attention★

　　構詞at表強調+tent伸展+ion名詞后綴→伸展出去[聽別人講]→注意力

　　n.1.the ability or power to concentrate mentally.注意力

　　2.observant consideration; notice 謹慎的考慮;注意

　　習慣用語attract attention引起注意; bring sth. to sb.’s attention使某人注意某事

　　call sb.’s attention to sth.促使某人注意某事; devote one’s attention to專心于, 對…注意

　　鏈接attentive a.注意的，專心的，留心的

　　真題連線2007 Text 4

　　In bringing up the concept of GASP the author is making the point that information protection should be given due attention.在提出公認的安全措施觀念時，作者強調了信息保護應該受到應有的重視。

　　attitude▲

　　構詞att能力，傾向+itude性質，狀態(tài)等→態(tài)度

　　n.1.a position of the body or manner of carrying oneself 姿勢，姿態(tài)

　　2.a state of mind or a feeling; disposition 心態(tài)，看法

　　習慣用語attitude of mind思想方法; 看法, 觀點 take an attitude of采取…態(tài)度

　　strike an attitude擺出一種姿態(tài); 作出舞臺上的身段; 裝模作樣

　　真題連線2001 Passage 3

　　Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. 這是一個棘手的行業(yè)，卻不斷地雇用觀點總體上使客戶惱怒的雇員。

　　attribute★

　　構詞at表強調+tribute給予→把原因給出→歸因

　　v.relate to a particular cause or source; ascribe歸因于,歸屬于

　　n.a quality or characteristic inherent in or ascribed to 屬性,品質,特征

　　習慣用語 attribute sth. to 把某事物歸功于

　　真題連線2009 Part B

　　Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures. 實際上，一些人將每一個重要的文化成就歸因于某些人，特別是天才的發(fā)明，之后，發(fā)明傳播到其他文化中去，這就是擴散主義者的觀點。

　　augment★

　　構詞aug增加+ment動詞后綴→增大，擴張

　　v.to make greater, as in size, extent, or quantity擴大，增加，表強調

　　n.an enlargement or increase加大或增加

　　真題連線1999英譯漢

　　During this transfer，traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study. 在這種轉變中，歷史學家研究歷史時，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實了傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究方法。

　　authentic▲

　　構詞aut自己+hent領會+ic 形容詞后綴; 自己領會的→可靠的

　　a.conforming to fact and therefore worthy of trust真的，真正的;可信的，有根據的

　　真題連線2005 Text 4

　　But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. 然而，“做自己的事”這一對事務真實性和個性的崇高信條，已經導致了正式演講、寫作、詩歌及音樂的消亡。

　automate★

　　構詞auto自己+mat動+e 動詞后綴→使自動化

　　v.to convert to automatic operation使自動化

　　真題連線2002 Text 2

　　Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction.我們的金融服務完成于自動柜員機旁，完成業(yè)務后，它們還會機械地、有禮貌地感謝我們。

　　autonomous★

　　構詞auto自己+ nom治理+ous 形容詞后綴→自治的

　　a.not controlled by others or by outside forces; independent自治的

　　真題連線2002英譯漢

　　They are the possessions of the autonomous(self-governing)man of traditional theory，and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. 自由和尊嚴(它們)是傳統(tǒng)理論定義的自主人所擁有的，是要求一個人對自己的行為負責并因其業(yè)績而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。

　　avail★

　　構詞a使+vail強壯→使…強壯→利用力量

　　n.use, benefit, or advantage 效用,利益

　　vt.to be of use or advantage to; help 有用;幫助

　　vi.to be of use, value, or advantage; serve有益(與of連用);利用

　　鏈接available a.可利用的;可見到的

　　availability n.有效性, 可利用性

　　習慣用語 avail (oneself) of .利用

　　真題連線2009 Text 2

　　More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first became available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fogg, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. 根據Identigene(一家生產非處方產品測試包的公司)的首席運營官道格·福格的說法，自去年開始不需要處方就能在藥店購買以來，已經有超過6萬多人購買了該親子鑒定產品測試包。

　　★aware

　　構詞a加強意義+war小心+e形容詞后綴

　　a.知道的，意識到的

　　鏈接 unaware a.沒有發(fā)覺的,不知道的(un-否定前綴+ aware知道的)

　　真題連線2009 Text 1

　　All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says.她還說，我們所有人都是在用我們自己并沒有覺察到的方式解決這樣或那樣的問題的。