Section Ⅰ Use of English 
　　Directions:
　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
　　A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that communication between them and their parents is__1__and further that one of the prime causes of this gap is __2__listening behavior. As a(an)__3__ in point, one parent believed that her daughter had a severe__4__problem. She was so __5__that she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested both ears and reported back to the parent:"There’s nothing wrong with her hearing. She’s just __6__you out."
　　A leading cause of the __7__divorce rate (more than half of all marriages end in divorce) is the failure of husbands and wives to __8__effectively. They don’t listen to each other. Neither person__9__to the actual message sent by the other.
　　In __10__fashion, political scientists report that a growing number of people believe that their elected and __11__officials are out of__12__with the constituents they are supposedly __13__. Why? Because they don’t believe that they listen to them. In fact, it seems that sometimes our politicians don’t even listen to themselves. The following is a true story: At a national__14__conference held in Albuquerque some years ago, then Senator Joseph Montoya was__15__a copy of a press release by a press aide shortly before he got up before the audience to__16__ a speech. When he rose to speak,__17__the horror of the press aide and the__18__of his audience, Montoya began reading the press release, not his speech. He began, "For immediate release. Senator Joseph M. Montoya, Democrat of New Mexico, last night told the National..." Montoya read the entire six-page release,__19__ with the statement that he "was repeatedly __20__by applause."
　　1.[A] scarce [B] little [C] rare [D] poor
　　2.[A] malignant [B] deficient [C] ineffective [D] feeble
　　3.[A] case [B] example [C] lesson [D] suggestion
　　4.[A] audio [B] aural [C] hearing [D] listening
　　5.[A] believing [B] convinced [C] assured [D] doubtless
　　6.[A] turning [B] tuning [C] tucking [D] tugging
　　7.[A] rising [B] arising [C] raising [D] arousing
　　8.[A] exchange [B] interchange [C] encounter [D] interact
　　9.[A] relates [B] refers [C] responds [D] resorts
　　10.[A] like [B] alike [C] likely [D] likewise
　　11.[A] nominated [B] selected [C] appointed [D] supported
　　12.[A] connection [B] reach [C] association [D] touch
　　13.[A] leading [B] representing [C]delegating [D] supporting
　　14.[A] legislative [B] legitimate [C] legalized [D] liberal
　　15.[A] distributed [B] awarded [C] handed [D] submitted
　　16.[A] present [B] publish [C] deliver [D] pursue
　　17.[A] to [B] with [C] for [D] on
　　18.[A] joy [B] enjoyment [C] amusement [D] delight
　　19.[A] conclude [B] to conclude [C] concluding [D] concluded
　　20.[A] disrupted [B] interfered [C] interrupted [D] stopped

答案 
　　1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.A
　　11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.C
　　總體分析
　　本文主要討論了聽行為對人際交流的影響。文章第一段從父母和子女之間的交流出發(fā)，說明兒女不聽父母的話造成了他們之間的隔閡。第二段從婚姻的角度出發(fā)，說明夫妻雙方的互不理睬造成交流不暢，從而使離婚率上升。第三段從政治的角度出發(fā)，說明政府官員不聆聽選民甚至不在意自己所說的話，造成官民隔閡。例證法是本文采用的主要的論證方法。
　　試題精解
　　1.[精解] 本題考查考生通過上下文選擇適當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~的能力�？崭裉幪钊氲男稳菰~在句子中充當(dāng)表語，說明"青少年與父母的交流是__1__"。首先排除[C]項(xiàng)rare"希罕的，珍貴的"，因?yàn)樗鼜?qiáng)調(diào)事物因罕見而珍貴，而文中需要的是表貶義的詞。空格后面部分提到，造成這種隔閡(gap)的首要原因是聽的行為。由此可知，這里討論的是聽對人與人之間交流效果的影響，不是交流少，而是交流不好，所以[D]項(xiàng)poor"質(zhì)差的，效率低的，不理想的"正確。scarce"缺乏的，不足的";little"很少的，幾乎無"。
　　2.[精解] 本題考查考生通過上下文選擇適當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~的能力�？崭裉幪钊氲男稳菰~修飾listening behavior，說明"__2__聽的行為會造成父母和孩子之間溝通不好"。[A]項(xiàng)malignant"惡性的，惡意的"貶義程度太深，不適合描述父母和孩子之間的行為。[D]項(xiàng)feeble "無效的，無力的"，形容人時表示"虛弱無力的"，形容事物時表示"無效的，無力的"，和[C]項(xiàng)ineffective"無效的，無能的"近義，如a feeble argument/joke無力的證據(jù)/干巴巴的笑話。由緊接著的下文的舉例可知，這里說的聽的行為是指主觀上拒絕傾聽。因此強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀效度的[C]、[D]項(xiàng)也不適合。[B]項(xiàng)deficient"不完善的，有缺點(diǎn)的，有缺陷的"，意為not good enough，在文中指"不完善的聽的行為"。符合文意。
　　例句補(bǔ)充：She developed a malignant tumor in her breast(她得了惡性乳腺癌);Our prisons are our most deficient social service(監(jiān)獄是我們社會服務(wù)中比較不完善的地方);This plan is ineffective(這個計(jì)劃不奏效);Some Party organizations are feeble and lax(一些黨的組織松散而無力)。
　　3.[精解] 本題考查考生對固定搭配的掌握程度。a case in point"典型的例子"是固定搭配，指a clear example of something that you are discussing or explaining，相當(dāng)于for example，引出下文的例子。An example"一個例子"，a lesson"一課，一次教訓(xùn)";a suggestion"一個建議"，均不與in point搭配。
　　4.[精解] 本題考查考生對固定搭配的掌握程度。由上下文語義可知，該處意為：一位母親認(rèn)為她女兒有嚴(yán)重的聽力問題。表達(dá)這個含義的固定搭配是hearing problem。[A]項(xiàng)audio"音頻的，聲頻的"，如audio and video equipment(視聽設(shè)備);[B]項(xiàng)aural "聽覺的"，a musical with plenty of visual and aural appeal (一出頗娛人耳目的音樂喜劇);[D]項(xiàng)listening"收聽的，注意的"。
　　5.[精解] 本題考查分詞詞義和用法的辨析�？崭裉幍男稳菰~與so...that結(jié)構(gòu)搭配，作句子的表語。該句與前一句屬于一個意群，都是舉例中的敘述內(nèi)容。根據(jù)語義，空格處的詞與上句的謂語believe呼應(yīng)，即she was...結(jié)構(gòu)表示"她相信"。[A]項(xiàng)Believing"有信仰的"無法表達(dá)這種含義。[B]項(xiàng)convinced和be搭配，表示"確信的，深信的"，因此原文意為：她(母親)(對女兒有嚴(yán)重聽力問題)如此確信不疑，于是就帶著女兒去看聽覺病矯治專家......。[C]項(xiàng)assured"確實(shí)的，確定的"，修飾人作表語時，一般后面接有of短語或that從句，表示"肯定得到某物或達(dá)到某個目標(biāo)"，如He is assured of a place in the final(他在決賽中肯定有一席之地);[D]項(xiàng)doubtless"無疑的(地)，確定的(地)"，多用作副詞，做形容詞修飾人時指"免除危險(xiǎn)的恐懼，感到安全"，如The child slept doubtless and secure.
　　6.[精解] 本題考查短語動詞詞義的辨析。四個選項(xiàng)中只有[C]項(xiàng)的核心動詞tuck"把......夾入，把......藏入"不能與空格后的sb. out結(jié)構(gòu)搭配，如He tucked the letter in a book so he wouldn’t lose it(他把那封信夾在一本書里以免丟失)。但其他三個選項(xiàng)的含義符合上下文的只有[B]項(xiàng)，tune sb. out"不理睬，不注意 "，文中表示"女兒不理睬她的母親"。Turn sb out"趕出，解雇，罷免"，如The voters turned out their local representatives(選民把他們的當(dāng)?shù)卮�表給罷免了);tug sb out"費(fèi)力拉出或拖出"，如 We tugged her out(我們費(fèi)力地把她拉了出來)。
　　7.[精解] 本題考查形容詞詞義的辨析�？崭裉幪钊氲男稳菰~修飾divorce rate，在含義上是指夫妻間傾聽失敗的結(jié)果。[A]項(xiàng)Rising與divorce rate 搭配意為"上升的離婚率"，符合文意。[B]項(xiàng)arising多作后置定語，接out of或from sth.，表示"由...引起/產(chǎn)生的"，如injuries arising out of an accident(由事故造成的傷害)。[C]項(xiàng)raise是及物動詞，因此作定語表達(dá)"提高的，提升的"含義時，常用過去分詞，如raised eyebrow;[D]項(xiàng)arouse"激起，喚醒"，也是及物動詞，因此也常用過去分詞作定語，如aroused curiosity(激起的興趣)。它們的現(xiàn)在分詞形式raising和arousing多在句中作狀語。
　　8.[精解] 本題考查動詞詞義的辨析�？崭裉幪钊氲膭釉~是說明"夫妻之間8的失敗導(dǎo)致了離婚率的上升"。全文主要討論了人與人之間的交流問題，所以[D]項(xiàng)interact"交流，相互作用"正確，如Playing a game is a way for a family to interact(一起做游戲是家庭交流的一種方法)。[A]項(xiàng)exchange"交換，兌換"，如They exchanged heated words(他們激烈爭吵);[B]項(xiàng)interchange"互換，使相互易位"，如The two boys interchanged caps(兩個孩子把帽子換著戴);[C]項(xiàng)encounter"遭遇，遇到"，如I encountered a former classmate in the theatre(我在戲院里偶然遇到一位老同學(xué))。
　　9.[精解] 本題考查動詞詞義的辨析�？崭裉幪钊氲膭釉~應(yīng)與to搭配，并符合文意。由前文的They don’t listen to each other(他們對對方的話充耳不聞)可知，[C]項(xiàng)responds"作答，作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)"符合文意，如The government responded to pressure and dropped the proposal(政府感受到壓力之后撤銷了那項(xiàng)提議)，原文意為：每個人對對方傳達(dá)的確切信息都毫無反應(yīng)。Relate to"和......有關(guān);欣賞，領(lǐng)略",如I can’t relate to that kind of music(我不能欣賞那種音樂);refer to"提到，指稱;參考",如He often referred to notes while speaking(他演講時�？粗v稿);resort to"常去;求助，訴諸"，如If persuasion won’t work, we may have to resort to force(如果說服工作不見效，我們可能只得訴諸武力)。
　　10.[精解] 本題考查形近詞的辨析。第二段和第三段分別論述了聽的行為影響交流效果的例子�？崭袼�在短語起過渡作用，表達(dá)"類似的，相似的"意思。[A]項(xiàng)like"相似的，同樣的"構(gòu)成的搭配in like fashion意為"以同樣的方式"。[B]項(xiàng)alike"相同的，相似的"多做表語，不在名詞前做定語，如My mother and I are alike in many ways(我和媽媽有很多相似之處);[C]項(xiàng)likely"很可能的，可靠的"語義與文意不符;[D]項(xiàng)likewise"同樣地，照樣地，又"是副詞，不能直接修飾名詞，也應(yīng)排除。
　　11.[精解] 本題考查考生通過上下文選擇適當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~的能力�？崭裉幍男稳菰~與elected并列，一起修飾officials，是同時存在或前后相繼的關(guān)系。[C]項(xiàng)appointed"指定的"符合文意，即"選舉后被指派的官員"。[A]項(xiàng)nominated"提名的，推薦的"，其動作應(yīng)發(fā)生在elect之前;[B]項(xiàng)selected"挑選的"、[D]項(xiàng)supported"支持的，擁護(hù)的"與elected(選舉的)意思重疊。
　　12.[精解] 本題考查考生通過上下文選擇適當(dāng)?shù)拿�詞的能力�？崭裉幪钊氲拿�詞應(yīng)與out of和with搭配，且符合文意。[B]項(xiàng)reach"范圍，影響"不能與with搭配，常見用法為sth. is out of reach或 sth. is out of the reach of sb.，意為"(某人)手不能及，夠不到"。[A]項(xiàng)connection"關(guān)系，連接"、[C]項(xiàng)association"聯(lián)合，聯(lián)想"均不與out of搭配，[A]項(xiàng)用法是in connection with sb./sth."與...有關(guān)/相關(guān)"，[C]項(xiàng)用法是in association with sb./sth."與...一起聯(lián)合"。[D]項(xiàng)out of touch with sb.意為"和...沒有聯(lián)系/脫節(jié)"，原文的含義是"官員們由于不聽選民的意見而與選民失去了聯(lián)系，不知民眾疾苦"，[D]項(xiàng)正確。
　　13.[精解] 本題考查通過上下文選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~的能力。空格處所在部分"they are 13"是定語從句，修飾先行詞constituents. 填入的分詞形式所表示的是代詞they即上文的officials對constituents所做的動作。西方國家的政府官員是由選民選舉產(chǎn)生，理論上是選民的代表，為人們服務(wù)，represent意為"代表，表現(xiàn)"，所以[B]項(xiàng)正確。lead"領(lǐng)導(dǎo)";delegate"委派......為代表";support"支持"。
　　14.[精解] 本題考查通過上下文選擇適當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~的能力�？崭裉幍男稳菰~與conference搭配。由下文參議員的講話等可知，該處意為"立法會議"，[A]項(xiàng)legislative"立法的，立法機(jī)關(guān)的"正確。[B]項(xiàng)legitimate意為"合法的，正統(tǒng)的";[C]項(xiàng)legalized "使合法化的 ";[D]項(xiàng)liberal"自由主義的，不拘泥的"顯然不合文意。
　　15.[精解] 本題考查通過上下文選擇適當(dāng)動詞的能力�？崭裉幪钊雱釉~的被動形式，該動作的實(shí)際發(fā)出者是a press aide，直接賓語是a copy of a press release，間接賓語是Senator Joseph Montoya，含義為"一份新聞稿被新聞助理...給參議員"。由于新聞助理與參議員沒有直接的上下級關(guān)系，award"授于，判給"、submit"提交，遞交"分別表示上對下和下對上的動作，所以[B]、[D]項(xiàng)不正確。又由于文章沒有分發(fā)新聞稿的語境，所以[A]項(xiàng)distribute"分發(fā)，分配"也不能用。只有[C]項(xiàng)hand"交給，遞給"符合語意。
　　16.[精解] 本題考查動詞詞義的辨析。[A]、[B]和[C]項(xiàng)都能與speech搭配，[C]項(xiàng)deliver"發(fā)表(一篇演說等)，陳述"，指口頭發(fā)表，符合文意。[A]項(xiàng)present"介紹，贈送，呈現(xiàn)"，放入文中指再度呈現(xiàn)或演示別人(一般為名人)的演說;[B]項(xiàng)publish"公布，發(fā)表"，指在報(bào)刊、雜志等上發(fā)表;pursue"追趕，從事"，不與speech搭配。與speech搭配的動詞還有make，give。
　　17.[精解] 本題考查介詞的用法。介詞to"致，致使(表結(jié)果)"的一個搭配是"to one’s+情感名詞"用作結(jié)果狀語，意為"令人(喜、怒、哀、樂......)的"。One’s既可是形容詞性物主代詞，也可以是名詞所有格。文中to the horror of the press aide意為"使新聞助理大吃一驚的是"。[B]項(xiàng)with"同......，和......"表伴隨;[C]項(xiàng)for"為了"，表目的;[D]項(xiàng)on"關(guān)于，涉及"，表主題。
　　18.[精解] 本題考查名詞詞義的辨析�？崭裉幪钊氲拿�詞與of the audience搭配，表明聽眾對參議員這一舉動的反應(yīng)。[A]項(xiàng)joy"歡樂，喜悅"、[B]項(xiàng)enjoyment"享樂，快樂"、[D]項(xiàng)delight"高興，喜悅"三個備選項(xiàng)都有"愉快、高興"的意思，相當(dāng)于pleasure。顯然均不合文意。[C]amusement"樂，趣味"，指 the feeling you have when you think something is funny，文中to sb’s amusement意為：令某人覺得有趣的是。
　　19.[精解] 本題考查分詞短語作狀語�？崭袼�在部分和主語謂語read都是主語Montoya發(fā)出的動作，空格所在的動作做狀語，即"他在新聞稿的末尾總結(jié)到..."，能夠擔(dān)任此語法功能的只有現(xiàn)在分詞，所以[C]項(xiàng)concluding正確，相當(dāng)于and he concluded with...。
　　20.[精解] 本題考查動詞詞義的辨析�？崭裉幪钊氲膭釉~被動式應(yīng)表達(dá)掌聲對參議員講話的影響。[A]、[C]兩項(xiàng)都有"中斷"的意思，但disrupt"使中斷，使陷入混亂，破壞"，意為to prevent something from continuing in its usual way by causing problems，常指不好事件的發(fā)生，如Traffic was disrupted by floods(交通因洪水而中斷)，不合文意;interrupt"(使)中斷"，指to stop someone from continuing what they are saying or doing by suddenly speaking to them, making a noise etc，符合文意。interfer"干涉，干預(yù)";stop"使停止，使停下來"。
　　全文翻譯
　　比較近的一項(xiàng)民意測驗(yàn)顯示：美國一半的青少年認(rèn)為他們與父母的交流不好，而且造成這種隔閡的一個首要原因是有不理想的傾聽行為。一個典型的例子是，一位母親認(rèn)為她女兒有嚴(yán)重的聽力問題。她對此確信無疑，于是就帶著女兒去聽覺病矯治專家那兒檢查她的耳朵。專家仔細(xì)檢查了兩只耳朵，然后告訴這位母親說："她的聽力沒問題，只是不理睬你而已。"
　　離婚率上升(一半以上的婚姻以離婚告終)的一個首要原因是夫妻間不能有效地交流。他們彼此充耳不聞。兩人對對方發(fā)出的確切信息都毫無反應(yīng)。
　　同樣地，據(jù)政治科學(xué)家報(bào)道，越來越多的人相信他們選舉指派的官員與其本應(yīng)代表的選民失去了聯(lián)系。為什么呢?因?yàn)檫@些人認(rèn)為他們不需要傾聽選民的意見。實(shí)際上，有時我們的政治家們似乎連自己的聲音都不聽。下面是一個真實(shí)的例子：在幾年前亞柏克爾克舉行的全國立法會議上，一位新聞助理在當(dāng)時的參議員約瑟夫•蒙圖亞演講前交給了他一份新聞稿。令該新聞助理大吃一驚而使聽眾感到有趣的是，當(dāng)蒙圖亞起來講話時，他讀的不是演講稿而是那份新聞稿。蒙圖亞先生以"即時新聞稿。新墨西哥州的民主黨參議員約瑟夫•蒙圖亞昨晚在全國......上說......"開始，讀完了全部的六頁新聞稿，并以他"不時被掌聲打斷"結(jié)尾。Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension 
　　Part A
　　Directions:
　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
　　Text 1
　　As a young bond trader, Buttonwood was given two pieces of advice, trading rules of thumb, if you will: that bad economic news is good news for bond markets and that every utterance dropping from the lips of Paul Volcker, the then chairman of the Federal Reserve, and the man who restored the central bank’s credibility by stomping on runaway inflation, should be respected than Pope’s orders. Today’s traders are, of course, a more sophisticated bunch. But the advice still seems good, apart from two slight drawbacks. The first is that the well-chosen utterances from the present chairman of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan, is of more than passing difficulty. The second is that, of late, good news for the economy has not seemed to upset bond investors all that much. For all the cheer that has crackled down the wires, the yield on ten-year bonds-which you would expect to rise on good economic news-is now, at 4.2%, only two-fifths of a percentage point higher than it was at the start of the year. Pretty much unmoved, in other words.
　　Yet the news from the economic front has been better by far than anyone could have expected. On Tuesday November 25th, revised numbers showed that America’s economy grew by an annual 8.2% in the third quarter, a full percentage point more than originally thought, driven by the ever-spendthrift American consumer and, for once, corporate investment. Just about every other piece of information coming out from special sources shows the same strength. New houses are still being built at a fair clip. Exports are rising, for all the protectionist crying. Even employment, in what had been mocked as a jobless recovery, increased by 125,000 or thereabouts in September and October. Rising corporate profits, low credit spreads and the biggest-ever rally in the junk-bond market do not, on the face of it, suggest anything other than a deep and long-lasting recovery. Yet Treasury-bond yields have fallen.
　　If the rosy economic backdrop makes this odd, making it doubly odd is an apparent absence of foreign demand. Foreign buyers of Treasuries, especially Asian certral banks, who had been swallowing American government debt like there was no tomorrow, seem to have had second thoughts lately. In September, according to the latest available figures, foreigners bought only $5��6 billion of Treasuries, compared with $25.1 billion the previous month and an average of $38.7 billion in the preceding four months. In an effort to keep a lid on the yen’s rise, the Japanese central bank is still busy buying dollars and parking the money in government debt. Just about everyboby else seems to have been selling.
　　1. The advice for Buttonwood suggests that _____.
　　[A] Paul Volcker enjoyed making comments on controlling inflation
　　[B] the Federal Reserve has an all-capable power over inflation control
　　[C] economy has the greatest influence upon the daily life of ordinary people
　　[D] the economic sphere and bond markets are indicative of each other
　　2. The word "passing"(Line 7, Paragraph 1) most probably means_____.
　　[A] instant
　　[B] trivial
　　[C] simple
　　[D] negligible
　　3. Which of the following is responsible for the rapid economic growth in the US?
　　[A] Domestic consumers.
　　[B] Foreign investments.
　　[C] Real estate market.
　　[D] Recovering bond market.
　　4. According to the last paragraph, most Asian central banks are becoming _____.
　　[A] rather regretful
　　[B] less ambitious
　　[C] more cautious
　　[D] speculative
　　5. The phrase "keep a lid on"(Line 6, Paragraph 3) most probably means_____.
　　[A] put an end to
　　[B] set a limit on
　　[C] tighten the control over
　　[D] reduce the speed of答案 
　　1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B
　　總體分析
　　本文是一篇介紹美國債券市場的文章。
　　第一段：通過敘述年輕的債券交易員獲得的建議說明目前債券市場的狀況有些出人意料。
　　第二段：指出在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展形勢一片大好的背景下，國債收益率卻在下降。
　　第三段：指出對美國國債的國外需求也出現(xiàn)疲軟。
　　試題精解
　　1.巴騰渥德得到的建議表明_____。
　　[A] 保羅•沃爾克喜歡就控制通貨膨脹發(fā)表評論
　　[B] 聯(lián)邦儲備局在控制通貨膨脹上有著超凡的力量
　　[C] 經(jīng)濟(jì)對普通人的日常生活影響比較大
　　[D] 經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域和證券市場互為表征
　　[精解] 本題考查推理引申。第一段首句提到巴騰渥德得到的兩條建議。第一條建議是："經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的壞消息對于債券市場來說卻是好消息"。由此可知，從經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域和證券市場中一方的狀況可以反推出另一方的狀況。因此[D]正確，be indicative of sth.意為"表明，暗示，標(biāo)示"。第二條建議是："美國聯(lián)邦儲備局前主席說的話都是金玉良言"。由此只能推知這位美國聯(lián)邦儲備局前主席說的話很有分量，不能推出他"喜歡評論(enjoyed making comments)"。從該句可知，沃爾克曾通過重踏來勢迅猛的通貨膨脹重建了央行的信譽(yù)。restore一詞表明聯(lián)邦儲備局，即，美國的中央銀行在控制通貨膨脹上也曾經(jīng)失利，排除[B]。[C]無從推知。
　　2. 第一段第八行的單詞"passing"比較可能的含義是_____。
　　[A] 立即的
　　[B] 瑣碎的
　　[C] 簡單的
　　[D] 微不足道的
　　[精解] 本題考查詞義理解。passing一詞出現(xiàn)在第一段第四句。其上文提到，"債券交易員得到的兩條建議有兩處細(xì)微的缺陷。第一點(diǎn)是要從現(xiàn)任聯(lián)邦儲備局主席的嘴里聽到精確而有分量的話不只是......的困難(more than passing difficulty)"。顯然這一內(nèi)容是針對上文第二條建議(即，美國聯(lián)邦儲備局前主席說的話都是金玉良言)而講的。由"缺陷"(drawbacks)一詞可知，從現(xiàn)任聯(lián)邦儲備局主席那聽到金玉良言是非常困難的，這種困難不是"微不足道的"，因此[D]正確。
　　3. 下面哪一個是美國經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長的原因?
　　[A] 國內(nèi)消費(fèi)者。
　　[B] 外國投資。
　　[C] 房地產(chǎn)市場。
　　[D] 正在恢復(fù)的債券市場。
　　[精解] 本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。由第二段第二句可知，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)第三季度呈現(xiàn)快速增長，這種增長是由一直以來揮霍無度的美國消費(fèi)者以及僅此一次的公司投資帶來的(driven by...)。由此可知[A]是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的原因之一。另外一個原因是"公司投資(corporate investment)"，而非"外國投資"，排除[B]。下文雖然提到"新房子建造速度快"，但它是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的表現(xiàn)，而非原因。[D]在文中沒有作為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的原因被提及。
　　4. 根據(jù)文章比較后一段，大部分亞洲中央銀行正變得_____。
　　[A] 相當(dāng)悔恨
　　[B] 不那么有野心
　　[C] 更謹(jǐn)慎
　　[D] 猜疑
　　[精解] 本題考查推理引申。文章比較后一段第二句提到，一直以來作為美國國債比較大的外國買家的亞洲中央銀行比較近改變了過去的做法。接著該段以具體數(shù)據(jù)說明外國買家購買美國國債的數(shù)量下降。從文中"swallowing American government debt like there was no tomorrow"可看出作者認(rèn)為大舉購買國債的做法是"不謹(jǐn)慎"的，而下文"have had second thoughts"他表明它變得更加慎重，因此[C]為正確答案。
　　5. 第三段第六行的短語"keep a lid on"比較可能的含義是_____。
　　[A] 結(jié)束
　　[B] 設(shè)置限制
　　[C] 加緊控制
　　[D] 降低速度
　　[精解] 本題考查詞義理解。"keep a lid on"出現(xiàn)在比較后一段倒數(shù)第二句，表示對"日元升值"做的動作。下文提到具體做法是：日本中央銀行忙于購進(jìn)美元并且把這些錢轉(zhuǎn)為政府債務(wù)。四個選項(xiàng)都是同一方向的表達(dá)，根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)常識，應(yīng)選[B]，表示"限制日元的升值"。
　　核心詞匯或超綱詞匯
　　(1)rules of thumb經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則，也稱ROT，通常是基于以前的經(jīng)驗(yàn)(比如在一段時間內(nèi)觀察到的平均值)或者更復(fù)雜公式的簡化。
　　(2)stomp(v.)邁著重重的步子走(或跳舞、移動)，重踩，重踏
　　(3)runaway(a.)逃跑的，出走的;失控的;輕易的，迅速的
　　(4)passing(a.)暫時的，瞬間的;經(jīng)過的，過往的
　　(5)(just) for once僅此一次(與通常情況對比而言)，如~ he arrived on time.(只有這一次他按時到了。)
　　(6)spendthrift(a./n.)花錢無度的(人)，揮霍的(人)
　　(7)at a fast/good/fair/steady, etc. clip迅速，很快地，如Land prices will rise at a healthy clip.(土地價(jià)格將快速穩(wěn)定上漲。)
　　(8)thereabouts(ad.)(通常用于or之后)(時間、數(shù)量等)大約，左右，上下
　　(9)on the face of it表面上看
　　(10)rally(n.)公眾集會;(體育運(yùn)動或證券交易)止跌回升
　　(11)Treasury(n.)(英、美等國的)財(cái)政部
　　(12)rosy(a.)紅潤的;美好的，樂觀的，如The future is looking very ~ for our company.(我們公司的前景一片光明。)
　　(13)backdrop(n.)(舞臺)背景幕;(事態(tài)或活動的)背景
　　(14)speculative(a.)推測的，猜測的，推斷的;投機(jī)性的，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性的
　　全文翻譯
　　作為一名年輕的債券交易員，巴騰渥德得到了兩條建議，如果采納的話，它們是貿(mào)易的經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則：一，經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的壞消息對于債券市場來說就是好消息;二，從美國聯(lián)邦儲備局前主席保羅•沃爾克口中說出的每一句話，都要比大教皇的命令還值得重視。沃爾克通過控制來勢迅猛的通貨膨脹重建了央行的信譽(yù)。當(dāng)然，如今的交易員是一群更精明的人。但是這些建議除了有兩處細(xì)微的缺陷外，看上去仍是不錯的。首先，要從現(xiàn)任聯(lián)邦儲備局主席阿倫•格林斯潘嘴里聽到精確而有分量的話不只是微不足道的困難。第二，比較近經(jīng)濟(jì)的好消息似乎并沒有讓債券投資者很不安。盡管歡呼聲已經(jīng)四處響起，但是本來期待由于經(jīng)濟(jì)好消息而上漲的10年期債券的收益率現(xiàn)在是4.2%，這僅僅只比年初高了0.4個百分點(diǎn)，換句話說，是幾乎沒有改變。
　　但是到目前為止，前沿經(jīng)濟(jì)信息比任何人預(yù)期的都要好。在11月25日周二，修改后的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)第三季度年增長率為8.2%，比人們比較初設(shè)想的多了整整一個百分點(diǎn)。這種增長是由一直以來揮霍無度的美國消費(fèi)者以及僅此一次的公司投資帶來的。從特殊渠道傳出的消息每隔一條就呈現(xiàn)這種強(qiáng)勁的增長勢頭。新房子仍在迅速地建造。盡管地方保護(hù)主義者不停地叫囂，出口量卻仍在增長。甚至曾被嘲諷為"失業(yè)型復(fù)蘇"的勞動力市場，在九、十月份也增加了125000個左右的就業(yè)崗位。表面上看，公司利潤的上升，信貸息差的降低，和迄今為止垃圾債券市場中比較大的止跌回升，都在暗示一個全面的、持久的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。然而，國債收益率卻下降了。
　　如果說大好的的經(jīng)濟(jì)背景使這一切變得奇怪，那么顯而易見的國外需求的疲軟就令其更加奇怪了。國債的外國買家，尤其是一直以來不顧后果、大舉購買美國政府債務(wù)的亞洲中央銀行，比較近似乎變得謹(jǐn)慎起來。根據(jù)比較新數(shù)據(jù)顯示，九月份外國買家僅僅購買了56億美國國債，與八月份的251億美元和前四個月平均達(dá)到的387億美元相比，實(shí)在相形見絀。為了努力限制日元的升值，日本中央銀行仍在忙于購進(jìn)美元并且把這些錢轉(zhuǎn)為政府債務(wù)。但是其他國家?guī)缀醵荚趻伿跿ext 2 
　　We’re moving into another era, as the toxic effects of the bubble and its grave consequences spread through the financial system. Just a couple of years ago investors dreamed of 20 percent returns forever. Now surveys show that they’re down to a "realistic"8 percent to 10 percent range.
　　But what if the next few years turn out to be below normal expectations? Martin Barners of the Bank Credit Analyst in Montreal expects future stock returns to average just 4 percent to 6 percent. Sound impossible? After a much smaller bubble that burst in the mid-1960s Standard & Poor’s 5000 stock average returned 6.9 percent a year (with dividends reinvested) for the following 17 years. Few investors are prepared for that.
　　Right now denial seems to be the attitude of choice. That’s typical, says Lori Lucas of Hewitt, the consulting firm. You hate to look at your investments when they’re going down. Hewitt tracks 500,000 401 (k) accounts every day, and finds that savers are keeping their contributions up. But they’re much less inclined to switch their money around. "It’s the slot-machine effect," Lucas says. "People get more interested in playing when they think they’ve got a hot machine"-and nothing’s hot today. The average investor feels overwhelmed.
　　Against all common sense, many savers still shut their eyes to the dangers of owning too much company stock. In big companies last year, a surprising 29 percent of employees held at least three quarters of their 402 (k) in their own stock.
　　Younger employees may have no choice. You often have to wait until you’re 50 or 55 before you can sell any company stock you get as a matching contribution.
　　But instead of getting out when they can, old participants have been holding, too. One third of the people 60 and up chose company stock for three quarters of their plan, Hewitt reports. Are they inattentive? Loyal to a fault? Sick? It’s as if Lucent, Enron and Xerox never happened.
　　No investor should give his or her total trust to any particular company’s stock. And while you’re at it, think how you’d be if future stock returns-averaging good years and bad-are as poor as Barnes predicts.
　　If you ask me, diversified stocks remain good for the long run, with a backup in bonds. But I, too, am figuring on reduced returns. What a shame. Dear bubble, I’ll never forget. It’s the end of a grand affair.
　　1. The investors’ judgment of the present stock returns seems to be _____.
　　[A] fanciful
　　[B] pessimistic
　　[C] groundless
　　[D] realistic
　　2. In face of the current stock market, most stock-holders_____.
　　[A] stop injecting more money into the stock market
　　[B] react angrily to the devaluing stock
　　[C] switch their money around in the market
　　[D] turn a deaf ear to the warning
　　3. In the author’s opinion, employees should _____.
　　[A] invest in company stock to show loyalty to their employer
　　[B] get out of their own company’s stock
　　[C] wait for some time before disposing of their stock
　　[D] give trust to a particular company’s stock
　　4. It can be inferred from the text that Lucent, Enron and Xerox are names of _____.
　　[A] successful businesses
　　[B] bankrupted companies
　　[C] stocks
　　[D] huge corporations
　　5. The author’s attitude towards the long-term investors’ decision is _____.
　　[A] positive
　　[B] suspicious
　　[C] negative
　　[D] ambiguous 答案 
　　1. A 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A
　　總體分析　　
　　本文是介紹股票投資的經(jīng)濟(jì)類文章。作者先介紹了投資股票回報(bào)率的下降趨勢，接著指出了投資者的錯誤投資行為，比較后提出了建議。
　　第一至二段：指出投資股票回報(bào)率呈下降趨勢。
　　第三至六段：指出許多投資者仍然在繼續(xù)投資，而且很多老雇員將投資計(jì)劃的重心放在了自己公司上。
　　第七至八段：指出投資者不應(yīng)該完全信任任何一家公司，而應(yīng)選擇有利于長期投資的多樣股。
　　試題精解
　　1.投資者對現(xiàn)在股票報(bào)酬的判斷似乎是_____。
　　[A] 幻想的
　　[B] 悲觀的
　　[C] 沒有根據(jù)
　　[D] 現(xiàn)實(shí)的
　　[精解] 第一段提到，投資者幾年前的夢想是永遠(yuǎn)拿到20%的(股票投資)回報(bào)�，F(xiàn)在調(diào)查顯示它降到了"現(xiàn)實(shí)的"8%至10%的范圍。第二段作者先提出疑問：但是如果未來幾年里這個值低于正常的期望呢?接著以銀行信用分析家Martin Barnes和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾5000指數(shù)為例指出，未來股票投資回報(bào)率必然是下降的。二段末句作者指出，很少有投資者為此作好了準(zhǔn)備。由此可推出，面對股票投資回報(bào)下降的趨勢，投資者的判斷是不夠現(xiàn)實(shí)的，是幻想的。另外， 第一段的dreamed of、realistic 的引號、以及第二段sound impossible后面的問號也都暗示了這一點(diǎn)。因此[A]項(xiàng)正確。
　　2.面對現(xiàn)有的股票市場，大部分股票持有者_(dá)___。
　　[A] 不再投入更多資金到股票市場
　　[B] 對貶值的股票反應(yīng)很憤怒
　　[C] 將他們的資金轉(zhuǎn)向市場其他領(lǐng)域
　　[D] 對警告置若罔聞
　　[精解] 本題考慮事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段第一句提到，許多投資者(savers)對擁有太多公司股票的危險(xiǎn)視而不見。[D]項(xiàng)是該句的改寫，其中turn a deaf ear對應(yīng)原文中的shut their eyes to，the warning對應(yīng)the dangers。
　　第三段作者通過休伊特(Hewitt)咨詢公司的職員的介紹說明，投資者仍在不斷地投錢(keeping their contributions up)，但是他們不太愿意把資金轉(zhuǎn)投其他地方了(less inclined to switch their money around)。由此排除[A]和[C]項(xiàng)。第三段末句"投資者普遍感到吃驚(overwhelmed)"指的就是持股者對股市不景氣的反應(yīng)。因此[B]項(xiàng)與事實(shí)不符。
　　3.根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，雇員們應(yīng)該 _____。
　　[A] 投資公司股票以顯示對雇主的忠誠
　　[B] 退出自己公司的股票
　　[C] 等一段時間再處理自己的股票
　　[D] 信任一家特殊公司的股票
　　[精解] 本題考查作者觀點(diǎn)。第五段中作者提到，年青的雇員沒有選擇，只能等到50或55歲才能賣掉公司的股票以作為配送繳款(matching contribution)。第六段則提到，而老雇員在能夠退出(getting out)的時候卻沒有。60歲和以上的人中1/3的人選擇公司股票作為他們3/4的投資計(jì)劃。該段末句作者連續(xù)用幾個問號對這種做法進(jìn)行了質(zhì)疑：難道他們疏忽了?過度忠誠?疾病?由此我們可推出作者的觀點(diǎn)是反對投資自己公司的做法。因此[B]項(xiàng)正確，排除[A]項(xiàng)。
　　第七段首句作者則提到，投資者不應(yīng)該完全信任任何一家公司的股票。因此[D]項(xiàng)是作者反對的。[C]項(xiàng)文中未提。詞匯補(bǔ)充：to a fault"過度地"，如generous to a fault(過度慷慨)。
　　4.從文中可以推出，朗訊、安然和施樂是什么的名字?
　　[A] 成功的企業(yè)
　　[B] 破產(chǎn)的公司
　　[C] 股票
　　[D] 龐大的企業(yè)
　　[精解]題干中的幾個專有名詞出現(xiàn)在第六段末，該句用虛擬語氣指出，就好像朗訊、安然和施樂的事情從來未發(fā)生過一樣。聯(lián)系上下文，上文作者對雇員購買公司股票的行為表示質(zhì)疑，下文則提出不應(yīng)完全信任任何一家公司。由此可推出，這是三家作為反面例子的公司，由于它們的先后破產(chǎn)，使持有這些公司股票的人受到很大的損失。[B]項(xiàng)比較恰當(dāng)。
　　5.作者對長期投資者的決定的態(tài)度是_____。
　　[A] 肯定
　　[B] 懷疑
　　[C] 否定
　　[D] 含糊其詞
　　[精解] 比較后一段作者給出了自己對股票投資的看法：多樣股可以長遠(yuǎn)地保持穩(wěn)定，再加上債券的支持�？梢姡�作者鼓勵投資者做長遠(yuǎn)地考慮。上文中作者對投資公司股票行為的警告也是在勸告投資人不要抱有一勞永逸的想法，要有長遠(yuǎn)的計(jì)劃，預(yù)期可能出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。所以，[A]為正確選項(xiàng)。
　　核心詞匯或超綱詞匯
　　(1)toxic(a.)有毒的，中毒的;toxicant(n.)有毒物，毒藥
　　(2)bubble(n.)氣泡，泡沫;泡影，空談，幻想(v.)起泡;沸騰;興奮，得意
　　(3)turn out to be結(jié)果是，(比較后)證明是，如It turned out to be a great disappointment.結(jié)果使人們大為失望。
　　(4)dividend(n.)被除數(shù);股息，股份紅利;額外津貼，獎金;意外的收獲
　　(5)contribution(n.)捐款;貢獻(xiàn);投稿;分擔(dān)(額)
　　(6)slot(n.)(機(jī)械或工具上的)狹縫，槽溝;時段
　　(7)overwhelm(v.)淹沒，覆沒;制服，壓倒;過于大量地給予;使不安，使困窘;overwhelming(a.)壓倒性的，無法抵抗的
　　(8)inattentive(a.)疏忽的，不注意的;attentive(a.)注意的，專心的
　　(9)diversified(a.)多變化的，各種的;diversify(v.)使多樣化
　　(10)backup(n.)支援(者)，支持(者)(a.)額外的，替補(bǔ)的
　　(11)figure on指望，依賴~ your support;考慮，預(yù)期~ an hour’s delay;計(jì)劃~ leaving at noon
　　全文翻譯
　　當(dāng)泡沫的毒效和它的嚴(yán)重后果在整個金融系統(tǒng)中散開時，我們正在進(jìn)入另外一個時代。就在幾年前投資者還在夢想永遠(yuǎn)拿到20%的股票投資回報(bào)�，F(xiàn)在調(diào)查顯示它降到了"現(xiàn)實(shí)的"8%至10%的范圍。
　　但是如果未來幾年里這個值低于正常的期望呢?蒙特利爾銀行信用分析家馬丁•巴恩斯預(yù)計(jì)未來的股票投資回報(bào)率平均為4%至6%。聽起來不可能?一個較小的泡沫于20世紀(jì)60年代破滅之后，在接下來的17年里標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾5000股票的回報(bào)率平均一年為6.9%(包括紅利再投資)。很少有投資者為此作好了準(zhǔn)備。
　　現(xiàn)在看來，投資者似乎選擇了否認(rèn)的態(tài)度。休伊特咨詢公司的職員洛麗•盧卡斯指出，這很具代表性。你不會愿意看到自己的投資效益減少。休伊特公司每日跟進(jìn)500,000 401 (k)帳戶，發(fā)現(xiàn)投資者仍在不斷地投錢，但是他們不太愿意把資金轉(zhuǎn)投其他地方了。盧卡斯說，"這是老虎機(jī)效應(yīng)，當(dāng)人們認(rèn)為他們找到了一臺賭運(yùn)極佳的機(jī)器時會對玩更有興趣，但如今沒有什么是幸運(yùn)的。投資者普遍感到吃驚。"
　　違背常識的是，許多投資者對擁有太多公司股票的危險(xiǎn)視而不見。不可思議的是，去年大公司中29%的雇員在他們自己的股票投資中至少有3/4的402(k)。
　　年青的雇員沒有選擇，只能等到50或55歲才能賣掉公司的股票以作為配送繳款。
　　但是據(jù)休伊特公司報(bào)導(dǎo)，老雇員在能夠退出的時候卻也一直死抱著股票不放。60歲和以上的人中1/3選擇公司股票作為他們3/4的投資計(jì)劃。難道他們疏忽了?過度忠誠?疾病?就好像朗訊、安然和施樂的事情從來未發(fā)生過一樣。
　　投資者不應(yīng)該完全信任任何一家公司的股票。當(dāng)你投資時，考慮一下如果未來的股票投資回報(bào)(好的年份和不好的年份一平均)像巴恩斯所預(yù)測的那樣糟糕，后果會如何?
　　如果你問我，我認(rèn)為多樣股加上債券的支持可以長遠(yuǎn)地保持穩(wěn)定。但是，我也在計(jì)算股票投資回報(bào)的減少。多么的羞恥。親愛的泡沫，我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記它，它是重大事件的終止Text 3 
　　What accounts for the astounding popularity of Dr.Phil McGraw? Why have so many TV viewers and book buyers embraced this tough warrior of a psychologist who tells them to suck it up and deal with their own problems rather than complaining and blaming everyone else? Obviously, Oprah Winfrey has a lot to do with it. She made him famous with regular appearances on her show, and is co-producing the new "Dr.Phil" show that’s likely to be the hottest new daytime offering this fall. But we decided to put Dr. Phil on the cover not just because he’s a phenomenon. We think his success may reflect an interesting shift in the American spirit of time. Could it be that we’re finally getting tired of the culture of victimology?
　　This is a tricky subject, because there are very sad real victims among us. Men still abuse women in alarming numbers. Racism and discrimination persist in subtle and not-so-subtle forms. But these days, almost anyone can find a therapist or lawyer to assure them that their professional relationship or health problems aren’t their fault. As Marc Peyser tells us in his terrific profile of Dr. Phil, the TV suits were initially afraid audiences would be offended by his stern advice to "get real!" In fact, viewers thirsted for the tough talk. Privately, we all know we have to take responsibility for decisions we control. It may not be revolutionary advice (and may leave out important factors like unconscious impulses). But it’s still an important message with clear echoing as, a year later, we contemplate the personal lessons of September 11.
　　Back at the ranch (livestock farm)-the one in Crawford, Texas-President Bush continued to issue mixed signals on Iraq. He finally promised to consult allies and Congress before going to war, and signaled an attack isn’t coming right now ("I’m a patient man"). But so far there has been little consensus-building, even as the administration talks of "regime change" and positions troops in the gulf. Bush’s team also ridiculed the press for giving so much coverage to the Iraq issue. Defense Secretary Rumsfeld called it a "frenzy," and Press Secretary Ari Fleischer dismissed it as "self-inflicted silliness." But as Michael Hirsh notes in our lead story, much of the debate has been inside the Republican Party, where important voices of experience argue Bush needs to prepare domestic and world opinion and think through the global consequences before moving forward. With so much at stake, the media shouldn’t pay attention? Now who’s being silly?
　　1. Faced with diversified issues of injustice, Dr. Phil McGraw advised that people should __.
　　[A] strongly voice their condemnation of those responsible
　　[B] directly probe the root of their victimization
　　[C] carefully examine their own problems
　　[D] sincerely express their sympathy for the victims
　　2. One possible response, when the program "Dr. Phil" was first presented on TV, that people were afraid of was _____.
　　[A] suspicion
　　[B] satisfaction
　　[C] indifference
　　[D] indignation
　　3. The word "tough"(Line 7, Paragraph 2) most probably means_____.
　　[A] piercing to the truth
　　[B] using vulgar language
　　[C] mean and hostile
　　[D] difficult to understand
　　4. The author advises the public to _____.
　　[A] leave out factors such as unconscious impulses
　　[B] draw lessons of their own from September 11
　　[C] respond decisively to September 11 tragedy
　　[D] accept decisions beyond our control
　　5. With a series of questions at the end of the text, the author _____.
　　[A] feels uncertain of what his own opinion is
　　[B] differentiates two conflicting views
　　[C] criticizes the Bush Administration
　　[D] argues for the US policy on Iraq 　答案 
　　1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C
　　總體分析
　　本文是一篇討論"9•11"事件的社會根源的文章。
　　第一段：通過分析菲爾博士的節(jié)目受歡迎的原因，指出美國人不再一味把自己看作受害者，而開始接受"找自己的問題"的觀念。
　　第二段：指出在習(xí)慣于事事都把自己看作受害者的社會文化中，菲爾博士提出的"面對現(xiàn)實(shí)"的一針見血的建議非常有意義。
　　第三段：聯(lián)系到"9•11"事件，指出布什政府應(yīng)該對它負(fù)責(zé)。
　　試題精解
　　1.面對各種各樣的不公正的問題，菲爾•麥格勞博士建議人們應(yīng)該 _____。
　　[A] 強(qiáng)烈表示對那些罪魁禍?zhǔn)椎淖l責(zé)
　　[B] 直接探究他們成為受害者的根源
　　[C] 仔細(xì)檢討自己的問題
　　[D] 真誠地表達(dá)對受害者的同情
　　[精解] 本題考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。第一段第二句中who引導(dǎo)的定語從句介紹了菲爾•麥格勞博士的觀點(diǎn)。他告訴人們"要忍氣吞聲，找自己的問題而不要抱怨或責(zé)備其他人"。因此[C]正確。
　　2.當(dāng)"菲爾博士"節(jié)目第一次出現(xiàn)在電視上，人們害怕出現(xiàn)的一種反應(yīng)可能是 _____。
　　[A] 猜疑
　　[B] 滿意
　　[C] 漠然
　　[D] 憤怒
　　[精解] 本題考查推理引申。第二段第五句提到，正如馬克•佩瑟在他對菲爾博士的精彩簡介中告訴我們的，電視工作組起初害怕觀眾會被他"面對現(xiàn)實(shí)"的強(qiáng)硬建議惹怒(be offended)。因此[D]正確。
　　3. 第二段第七行出現(xiàn)的單詞"tough"比較可能的含義是 _____。
　　[A] 一針見血的
　　[B] 使用粗俗的語言的
　　[C] 卑鄙的、帶有敵意的
　　[D] 很難理解的
　　[精解] 本題考查詞義理解。tough一詞出現(xiàn)在第二段第六句，該句指出，觀眾渴望這種tough談話。其上文提到，電視工作組起初害怕觀眾會被菲爾博士"面對現(xiàn)實(shí)"的強(qiáng)硬(stern)建議惹怒。因此tough talk指的就是上文stern advice，即呼吁人們"面對現(xiàn)實(shí)"的建議。因此比較接近的含義是[A]。
　　4. 作者建議公眾_____。
　　[A] 忽略像下意識的沖動這樣的因素
　　[B] 從"9•11"事件中吸取自己的教訓(xùn)
　　[C] 對"9•11"慘案給予果斷的回應(yīng)
　　[D] 接受不被我們控制的決定
　　[精解] 本題考查推理引申。第一段提到，菲爾博士告訴人們要找自己的問題而不要抱怨或責(zé)備其他人。第二段比較后兩句提到，菲爾博士呼吁人們"面對現(xiàn)實(shí)"的建議不是革命性的建議，甚至沒有考慮到影響人們行為的基本因素，但它仍然是有意義的，并得到了公眾的回應(yīng)。比如，它在我們對"9•11"事件的反省中就很有意義。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為對待"9•11"事件我們可以采用菲爾博士的建議，即面對現(xiàn)實(shí)，總結(jié)自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，不把責(zé)任推卸到別人身上。因此[B]正確。[A]在第二段倒數(shù)第二句的括號中出現(xiàn)，是作者認(rèn)為菲爾博士的建議中可能忽略的一些重要因素，并不是作者建議大家做的事情。[C]也無從推知。[D]項(xiàng)是根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句臆造的選項(xiàng)，也不是作者提倡的觀點(diǎn)。
　　5. 作者在文章比較后提出一系列的問題是因?yàn)樗鸰____。
　　[A] 不確定自己的觀點(diǎn)
　　[B] 在區(qū)別兩種相沖突的觀點(diǎn)
　　[C] 批評布什政府
　　[D] 支持美國對伊拉克的政策
　　[精解] 本題考查寫作目的。文章比較后作者提問到，有這么多的利害關(guān)系在里面，媒體難道不應(yīng)該關(guān)注嗎?到底是誰愚蠢呢? 由上文可知，"這么多的利害關(guān)系"指的是"對國家和世界可能帶來的不良影響"，"愚蠢"是在回應(yīng)"新聞秘書長批評新聞界過多報(bào)道伊拉克問題是自尋煩惱的愚蠢行為"，顯然，作者是在諷刺布什政府一意孤行地發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭。因此[C]正確。
　　核心詞匯或超綱詞匯
　　(1)astounding(a.)令人驚駭?shù)?
　　(2)embrace(v.)擁抱;欣然接受、樂意采納(思想、建議等)
　　(3)suck it up接受糟糕的現(xiàn)實(shí)并很好地處理，逆來順受，忍氣吞聲
　　(4)phenomenon(n.)(復(fù)數(shù)形式是phenomena)現(xiàn)象;(復(fù)數(shù)形式是phenomenons)杰出的人，非凡的人(或事物)
　　(5)profile(n.)側(cè)面輪廓;外形，輪廓;概述，簡介
　　(6)frenzy(n.)瘋狂，狂亂，狂暴
　　(7)inflict(v.)使遭受打擊，使吃苦頭
　　全文翻譯
　　是什么讓菲爾•麥格勞博士如此受歡迎?為什么這么多電視觀眾和讀者都喜愛這位如同鋼鐵戰(zhàn)士一般，告訴他們要忍氣吞聲，找自己的問題而不要抱怨或責(zé)備其他人的心理學(xué)家?顯然，奧普拉•溫弗里為此作了許多工作。她讓博士在她的電視節(jié)目上頻繁亮相而出名，并聯(lián)合制作了新的節(jié)目--"菲爾博士"秀，該節(jié)目很可能成為今年秋季比較火爆的白天檔節(jié)目。但是我們決定把菲爾博士作為封面人物并不僅僅因?yàn)樗�是個天才。我們認(rèn)為他的成功可能反映了美國人時代觀念的一個有趣的轉(zhuǎn)變。也許是我們比較終厭倦了受害者學(xué)的文化?
　　這是一個棘手的問題，因?yàn)樵谖覀冎�中有許多令人痛心的真正受害者。男子虐待婦女的數(shù)字仍然驚人，種族偏見和歧視仍然以微妙或明顯的方式存在著。但現(xiàn)如今，幾乎每個人都可以找到治療師或律師來讓他們相信職業(yè)關(guān)系或健康方面的問題都不是自己造成的。正如馬克•佩瑟在他對菲爾博士的精彩簡介中告訴我們的，電視工作組起初害怕觀眾會因?yàn)樗?"面對現(xiàn)實(shí)"的強(qiáng)硬建議而被惹怒。但事實(shí)上，觀眾渴望這種一針見血的談話。其實(shí)，我們每個人都知道應(yīng)該對自己所做的決定負(fù)責(zé)，因此它也許不是革命性的建議(可能會忽視像下意識的沖動這樣的重要因素)，但它仍然是一條得到很大反響的重要信息，比如一年后的今天，我們就從"9•11"事件中總結(jié)個人經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。
　　讓我們追溯到位于德州克勞福德鎮(zhèn)的大牧場(畜牧農(nóng)場)，布什總統(tǒng)在那里對伊拉克問題的態(tài)度仍然含糊不清。他比較后答應(yīng)卷入戰(zhàn)爭之前會與國會和盟國磋商，并表示不會立刻發(fā)動攻擊(他說"我是一個有耐心的人")。但如今，即使當(dāng)布什政府談?wù)?quot;制度變革"和向海灣地區(qū)派兵的時候，幾乎也沒有達(dá)成共識。布什團(tuán)隊(duì)還嘲笑新聞界過多地報(bào)道了伊拉克問題。國防部長拉姆斯菲爾德稱它是"瘋狂的活動"，新聞秘書長阿里•弗萊舍說它是"自尋煩惱的愚蠢的行為"。但是正如邁克爾•赫西在頭條新聞中報(bào)道的那樣，共和黨內(nèi)部已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了很大的分歧，黨內(nèi)一些重要的有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人士指出，布什在行動前需要考慮國內(nèi)和世界輿論以及戰(zhàn)爭對全球的影響。有這么多的利害關(guān)系在里面，媒體難道不應(yīng)該關(guān)注嗎?到底是誰愚蠢呢?Text 4 
　　Pressure is mounting on Ahold’s embattled supervisory board following the Dutch grocery group’s decision to pay its new chief executive more than C= 10m to lead its recovery from a ruining accounting scandal.
　　Anders Moberg’s pay package-and the timing of its disclosure at a shareholder meeting last week-has confronted Ahold with a new credibility crisis as it struggles to restore confidence after the C=970m ( $1 bn) scandal.
　　The dispute-evident in a sea of critical media comment in the Netherlands at the weekend threatens to divert management from its recovery strategy, built on significant divestments and a likely rights issue to reduce C=11bn in net debt. Units deemed unable to attain first or second position in food retail within three to five years will immediately be put up for sale.
　　The board’s position appears all the more delicate following comments made by Mr. Moberg to the Financial Times, in which he criticized non-executive directors for ignoring his advice to disclose his salary in May, when he agreed his contract.
　　Instead Ahold waited more than four months to make the announcement, on the day share-holders were asked to approve Mr. Moberg’s appointment.
　　"I was the one who said I liked transparency, and I had hoped [the supervisory board] had shown [the salary package] in May to avoid a situation like this," Mr. Moberg told the FT. examda.com(）
　　As the row prompted the left-leaning Dutch Daily to call for a boycott of Ahold’s Dutch Albert Heijn supermarket chain where only last week Ahold announced 440 redundancies-it was clear the supervisory board had badly misjudged the reaction.
　　While Henny de Ruiter, supervisory board chairman, said the salary was a fair reflection of what a company in Ahold’s unfavorable circumstances had to pay to attract a top manager,furious investors accused it of pushing through the package regardless of investor opinion.
　　Furthermore, Dutch media commentators noted that the scandal at Ahold had been the trigger for the Dutch government to appoint a commission to strengthen corporate governance.
　　That commission has recommended a limit on executive bonuses, far below the potential two-and-a-half times annual salary that Mr. Moberg could earn.
　　Meanwhile, Mr. Moberg is trying to distance himself from the row and focus on strategy. He told the FT that measures had already been taken to raise its stake in the ICA-Ahold joint venture in Scandinavia.
　　Ahold had included in its forecasts an amount necessary to buy the shares of either of its joint venture partners, who should exercise a "put option" and sell their stake from April 2004.
　　1. The decision on Anders Moberg’s pay package has _____.
　　[A] incurred much criticism from the shareholders
　　[B] helped restore public confidence in Ahold
　　[C] saved the supervisory board from another crisis
　　[D] put pressure on the new chief executive
　　2. The recovery strategy by Ahold’s management includes _____.
　　[A] avoiding the next accounting scandal
　　[B] diverting investment to other fields
　　[C] issuing rights to more retailers
　　[D] selling the retailers with poor performance
　　3. Anders Moberg thought that if his salary had been announced earlier, _____.
　　[A] the board’s position would have become less difficult
　　[B] he would have agreed to the contract with Ahold
　　[C] more time could have been devoted to his recovery plan
　　[D] the shareholders wouldn’t have strongly opposed
　　4. Before the scandal at Ahold, the executive bonuses in Dutch companies _____.
　　[A] were higher than what Moberg earned
　　[B] were regulated by a commission
　　[C] were not monitored by the government
　　[D] were not set by corporate management
　　5. According to Moberg’s recovery strategy, Ahold will _____.
　　[A] sell its stake to other joint venture companies
　　[B] buy shares of its Scandinavian partners
　　[C] choose to put money in its chain shops in Scandinavia
　　[D] exercise its potential influence on partners