1. 詞語含義的理解 
　　[1] Common sense is the measure of the possible；it is composed of experience and prevision；it is calculation applied to life。
　　☆ 常識是對可能性的衡量；它由經(jīng)驗和預(yù)見構(gòu)成；它是應(yīng)用在生活中的度量衡。
　　[2] If the failures of this world could realize how desperate half the present-day geniuses once felt，they would take heart and try again。
　　☆ 世上的失敗者若能了解到當(dāng)今的天才曾經(jīng)有半數(shù)一度感到過多絕望，他們就會振作精神，再次努力。
　　[3] Intellectual endowments，internal drive，diligent working attitude and  indomitable spirit all are prerequisites of the success of scientific research。
　　☆ 聰明的天資、內(nèi)在的動力、勤奮的工作態(tài)度和不屈不撓的精神，這些都是科學(xué)研究成功的前提。
　　2. 反義詞的理解
　　[4] The reasonable man adapts himself to the world；the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the would to himself。
　　☆ 明白事理的人使自己適應(yīng)世界，不明事理的人硬要世界適應(yīng)自己。
　　3. 派生詞的理解
　　[5] Increased means and increased leisure are the two civilizers of man。
　　☆ 越來越多的工具和越來越多的閑暇是使人們獲得文明的兩個要素。
　　[6] To think too long about doing a thing often becomes its undoing.                      
　　☆ 為做一件事情考慮太久常常做不成這件事。
　　[7] We exaggerate misfortune and happiness alike. We are never either so wretched or so happy as we say we are。
　　☆ 不幸和幸福被我們同樣夸大了。我們從不像我們所說的那么痛苦，也從不那么快樂。
　　4. 比喻含意的理解
　　[8] Originality is unexplored territory. You get there by carrying a canoe—you can’t take a taxi。
　　☆ 創(chuàng)新是未開交的區(qū)域，你要到達(dá)那兒，只能獨自去闖，不能搭便車。
　　5. 對比關(guān)系的理解
　　[9] It may be more comfortable to never make mistakes，but those men who， in their urge to be right once，make a thousand mistakes，are more useful to humanity。
　　☆ 永不犯錯固然很好，但那些為了一次正確，而不惜犯一千次錯誤的人對大類更有用。
　　[10] Most arts require long study and application, but the most useful of all, that of pleasing, requires only the desire。
　　☆ 絕大多數(shù)藝術(shù)家需要長久的學(xué)習(xí)和實踐，而比較有用的藝術(shù)，即取悅?cè)说乃囆g(shù)，自需要有此愿望。
　　[11] Real courage is when you know you’re licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no matter what.                   
　　☆ 真正的勇氣是在開始之前你就知道已經(jīng)敗了，但仍然著手去做，而且不管發(fā)生什么事都把它做到底。
　　[12]  It is seldom very hard to do one’s duty when one knows what it is，but it is often exceedingly difficult to find this out.                             
　　☆ 在知道自己的責(zé)任時時盡責(zé)往往并不困難，但弄清責(zé)任何在常常極其費力。
　　[13]  It is not money，as is sometimes said，but the love of money—the excessive，selfish，covetous love of money，that is the root of all evil。
　　☆ 全錢并非如人們有時所說的那樣是萬惡之源。對金錢的追求一過度的、自私的、貪婪的追求，才是真正的根源。
　　[14]  What is called a great master is a person who sees with his own eyes what others have seen， but he can find beauty in the common sights.   →V+A+O
　　☆ 所謂大師就是這樣的人，他以自己的眼睛看別人看到過的東西，但是能夠從常見的東西中發(fā)現(xiàn)美。
　　[15] The drop of rain makes a hole in the stone，not by violence，but by the frequency of falling。
　　☆ 滴水穿石靠的不是強力，而是不斷的下落。
　　[16] The worst sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate them，but to be indifferent to them. That’s the essence of inhumanity。
　　☆ 我們對作為同類的其他人所犯下的比較大罪過不是憎恨，而是漠不關(guān)心，那是不近人情的本質(zhì)。　　6. 修飾語的范圍
　　短定語須前置，理解為包孕句
　　[17]  All truth，in the long run，is only common sense clarified。
　　☆ 從長遠(yuǎn)來看，所有的真理都只是已被澄清的常識。
　　[18] I think of a hero as someone who understands the degree of responsibility that comes with his freedom。
　　☆ 我認(rèn)為英雄就是了解與他們的自由伴隨而來的責(zé)任程度的人。
　　[19] Friendship is really the most sacred，which merits not only special worship but also eternal praise。
　　☆ 友誼實在是比較神圣的東西，不僅值得特別尊敬，而且值得永遠(yuǎn)贊頌。
　　[20] The true value of a human being is determined primarily by the measure and the sense in which he has attained liberation from the self.    
　　☆ 人的真正價值，首先取決于他在多大的程度和怎樣的意義上獲得自我的解放。         
　　[21] Anxiety is the essential condition of intellectual and artistic creation and everything that is finest in human history。
　　☆ 渴望是智力創(chuàng)造，藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作及大類歷史上一切比較美好的事物的根本條件。
　　[22] There are no conditions to which a man cannot become accustomed，especially if he sees that all those around him live in the same way。
　　☆ 沒有什么環(huán)境是人所不能適應(yīng)的，尤其是在看到周圍的人都以相同方式生活時。
　　[23] Isn’t it strange that we talk least about the things we think about most？
　　☆ 我們得談得比較少的，恰恰是我們想得比較多的，這不是挺奇怪的嗎？
　　[24] If one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams and endeavors to live the life he imagined，he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours。
　　☆ 一個人如果充滿信心地向夢想的方向前進(jìn)，努力實踐所想像的生活，他就會迎來平常想不到的成功。
　　7。多重定語結(jié)構(gòu)
　　[25] Thinking is the hardest work there is, which is probably the reason so few engage in。
　　☆ 思考是所有工作當(dāng)中比較困難的，這很可能是沒有幾個人思考的原因。
　　[26] Poetry should be great and unobtrusive，a thing which enters into one’s soul， and does not startle it or amaze it with itself，but with its subject。
　　☆ 詩歌應(yīng)當(dāng)是非凡而不唐突的，它是這樣一種東西：它進(jìn)入人的心靈，不是以其本身，而是以其主題使之震動或驚奇。
　　[27] A good scientist is a person with original ideas. A good engineer is a person who makes a design that works with as few original ideas as possible。
　　☆ 一個好科學(xué)家是一個有獨創(chuàng)性見解的人。一個好工程師是一個盡量不用任何獨創(chuàng)見解來進(jìn)行設(shè)計的人。
　　[28] The great society is a place where men are more concerned with the quality of their goals than the quantity of their goods。
　　☆ 偉大的社會是這樣的地方，人們更關(guān)心的走自己的目標(biāo)的質(zhì)童而非財富的數(shù)量
　　[慣用句法：定語從句中套用狀語從句]
　　8. 多重狀語結(jié)構(gòu)
　　[28] The holy passion of friendship is of so sweet and steady and loyal and enduring a nature that it will last through a whole lifetime，if not asked to lend money. 
　　☆ 友誼這種神圣的情感如此甜蜜、穩(wěn)定、忠誠和持久，它會貫穿一個人生命歷程的始終，只要不張口借錢。
　　[29] Wise living consists perhaps less in acquiring good habits than in acquiring as few habits as possible。
　　☆ 明智的生活方式與其說是養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣，還不如說是養(yǎng)成盡可能少的習(xí)慣。
　　[30] Faith may be defined briefly as an illogical belief in the occurrence of the improbable.   【介詞短語作狀語】
　　信仰可以簡潔地定義為對不可能之事的發(fā)生所持的不合邏輯的信念。
　　[31] Obviously， to the clever or the dull by nature，if they are determined to get praiseworthy achievements， they must study hard and practise more。
　　☆ 很顯然，無論是天資比較聰明的人或走天資比較駑銳的人，如果他們決心要得到值得稱違的成就，都必須勤學(xué)苦練才行。
　　[32] Nothing makes the earth seem so spacious as to have friends at  a  distance；they make latitudes and longitudes。
　　☆ 沒有什么比得上有朋在遠(yuǎn)方更使地球顯得如此巨大，他構(gòu)成了緯度和經(jīng)度。
　　[33] You can make your world so much larger simply by acknowledging everyone else’s.  ①V+O+C結(jié)構(gòu)；② 副詞可以限定形容詞或介詞短語。
　　☆ 承認(rèn)別人的天地，自己的天地會更廣闊。
　　[34]Success can be only one ingredient in happiness， and is too dearly purchased if all the other ingredients have been sacrificed。
　　☆ 成功只能是幸福的一個組成部分。如果為了獲得成功而犧牲所有其他的成分，就太得不償失了。
　　9. 平行結(jié)構(gòu)
　　[35] It is easier to do one’s duty to others than to one’s  self. If you do your duty to others， you are considered reliable. If you do your duty to yourself， you are considered selfish.                        
　　☆ 向他人盡責(zé)比對自己盡責(zé)要容易。如果你向他人盡責(zé)，你就被認(rèn)為是可信賴的。如果你向自己盡責(zé)，你就會被認(rèn)為自私。
　　[36]  If scientific discovery has not been an unalloyed blessing，if it has conferred on mankind the power not only to create but also to annihilate，it has at the same time provided humanity with a supreme challenge and a supreme testing。
　　☆ 如果科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)不是純粹的喜事，如果它賦予了人類不僅是創(chuàng)造還有毀滅的力量，它同時就向人性提出了比較大的挑戰(zhàn)和比較大的考驗。 
　　[37] I will not make age an issue of this campaign. I am not going to exploit for political purpose my opponent’ s youth and inexperience。
　　☆ 我不會把年齡作為這次競選的一個問題，我不打算為了政治目的而利用對手的年輕和缺乏經(jīng)驗。【重要語法結(jié)構(gòu)：V+O+C 和 V+A+O】
　　[38] There is one thing more important than knowing self，it is governing self.There is one thing better than crushing impulse，it is using impulse。
　　☆ 有一件事比自知受重要，即自制。有一件事比壓制沖動更可取，即利用沖動。
　　[39] Two illusions fostered by higher education are that what is taught corresponds to what is learned，and that it will somehow pay of in money.   
　　☆ 高等教育造成了兩種錯覺，一是教的東西就等于學(xué)到的東西， 二是它總會通過某種方式以金錢回報。
　　10. 多重賓語從句
　　[40]  Too often we forget that genius，too，depends upon the data within its reach，that even Archimedes could not have devised Edison’s inventions。
　　☆ 我們確實是經(jīng)常忘記，天才也依賴于所能得到的資料，就連阿基米德都無法設(shè)計出愛迪生的發(fā)明。