高二英語直接引語如何變?yōu)殚g接引語
引述別人的話時(shí),一般采用兩種方式:一是引用別人的原話,把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi),稱為直接引語;二是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述,被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號(hào)內(nèi),稱為間接引語。間接引語在大多數(shù)情況下是一個(gè)賓語從語。直接引語變成間接引語時(shí),要注意以下幾點(diǎn):人稱變化、時(shí)態(tài)變化、賓語從句要用陳述句語序。
1.直接引語是陳述句,變成間接引語時(shí),由連詞that 引導(dǎo)。例如:
she said, "i am very happy to help you."→
she said that she was very happy to help you.
2. 直接引語是一般(選擇/反意)疑問句,變成間接引語時(shí),由連詞whether或if 引導(dǎo)。例如:
he asked me, "do you like playing football?"→
he asked me if/whether i liked playing football.
注意:大多數(shù)情況下,if和whether 可以互換,但后有or not,或在動(dòng)詞不定式前,或放在介詞后作連接詞時(shí),一般只用whether。例如:
she asked me whether he could do it or not.
he hesitated about whether to drive or take the train.
3. 直接引語是特殊疑問句,變成間接引語時(shí),由相應(yīng)的疑問詞who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引導(dǎo)。例如:
my sister asked me, "how do you like the film?"→
my sister asked me how i liked the film.
4. 直接引語是祈使句,變成間接引語時(shí),把動(dòng)詞原形變成動(dòng)詞不定式,并在動(dòng)詞不定前加tell, ask, order 等的賓語。例如:
the captain ordered, "be quiet."→
the captain ordered us to be quiet.
注意:此種情況的否定句,在動(dòng)詞不定式前加not。
my teacher asked me, "don't laugh."→
my teacher asked me not to laugh.
5. 一些注意事項(xiàng)
(1)直接引語是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理等,變成間接引語時(shí),時(shí)態(tài)不變。例如:
they told their son,"the earth goes round the sun."→
they told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
(2)直接引語變間接引語時(shí), 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等要作相應(yīng)的變化。如:this/that→ these/those, now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before, last year→the year before, ago→before, here→there等。例如:
he said, "i haven't seen her today."→
he said that he hadn't seen her that day.
注意:如果轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)就在原來的地方,就在說話的當(dāng)天,就不必改變指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等。
(3)間接引語一般要用陳述句的語序,即主、謂、賓的順序。例如:
he asked lucy, "where did you go?"→
he asked lucy where she went.
tom said, "what do you want, ann?"→
tom asked ann what she wanted.
(責(zé)任編輯:彭海芝)
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