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2017英語(yǔ)高中二年級(jí)必修3知識(shí)點(diǎn):Unit5核心詞句

2016-12-25 13:07:59 來源:精品學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)

  英語(yǔ)的母語(yǔ)使用者數(shù)量位居世界第三,育路小編準(zhǔn)備了英語(yǔ)高中二年級(jí)必修3知識(shí)點(diǎn),具體請(qǐng)看以下內(nèi)容。

  核心詞句

  1. surround vt.&vi. 包圍,圍繞

  常用結(jié)構(gòu):

  surround ...with ... 使……包圍

  be surrounded by/with 被……包圍

  The city is surrounded on all sides by hills.這個(gè)城市被群山環(huán)繞。

  拓展

  surrender v. 投降

  surrounding adj. 附近的;周圍的

  surroundings n. 環(huán)境;周圍的事物

  be encircled [with] 被...環(huán)繞

  I enclose here with a cheque for 20 pounds.隨信附上二十鎊支票一張。

  I enclose herewith a cheque for 20 pounds.

  隨信附上二十鎊支票一張。

  the enclosed 附件

  辨析

  surroundings/condition/environment

  surroundings意為“環(huán)境”時(shí),要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,主要指周圍的物質(zhì)環(huán)境。

  condition的復(fù)數(shù)形式conditions可表示“環(huán)境,情況”,但主要表示抽象意義上的。

  environment意為“環(huán)境”時(shí),既可表示抽象概念也可表示具體意義,包括周圍環(huán)境、外界、自然環(huán)境、社會(huì)環(huán)境等。

  She works in pleasant surroundings. 她在愉快的環(huán)境中工作。

  It’s difficult to imagine you're living in such poor conditions.很難想像你在這樣差的條件下生活。

  An unhappy home environment can affect a child’s behaviour.不幸的家庭環(huán)境可能對(duì)孩子的行為造成影響。

  單項(xiàng)填空

  by the police, the thief had no choice but to surrender(投降).

  A. Surrounded B. Having surrounded

  C. To be surrounded D. Surrounding

  解析:選A。be surrounded by被……包圍。句子主語(yǔ)the thief 與surround呈被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選A。

  2. border n. 邊界;國(guó)界;邊沿; 緣飾; 任何東西的窄邊

  vt.&vi. 與……接壤;接近;以...為邊, 給...滾邊, 加邊; 和...相連;和...接界

  I met him in a border town.我在一座邊境小鎮(zhèn)認(rèn)識(shí)了他。

  She crossed the border in disguise.她偽裝過了邊境。

  Her handkerchief has a blue border. 她的手帕有一條藍(lán)邊。

  border a dress with silk 用絲綢給一件衣服加邊

  Scotland borders England. 蘇格蘭和英格蘭接界。

  India borders on China. 印度和中國(guó)接壤。

  Such an act borders on folly. 這種行為近乎愚蠢。

  習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)

  on the border of 在...的邊界上;將要; 接近于, 瀕臨于

  on the borders 在邊界上, 接近交界處

  out of borders 在國(guó)境[領(lǐng)地]外

  within borders 在國(guó)境[領(lǐng)地][內(nèi)]

  over the border 越過國(guó)境

  the Border(s)

  border on 與...接壤[相鄰];類似; 非常象

  border upon 與...接壤[相鄰];類似; 非常象

  辨析

  border/boundary/bounds/frontier

  這四個(gè)詞都含有“邊界”的意思。

  border指“邊界”時(shí),常指“邊境”,即沿著兩國(guó)邊界的地區(qū)。

  boundary指“邊界線”,主要指領(lǐng)土的邊界。

  The river is the boundary between the two countries.這條河是兩國(guó)的界河。

  Science advances the boundaries of knowledge.科學(xué)擴(kuò)展了知識(shí)的范圍。

  frontier指“就一國(guó)而言的邊界”。修飾詞:常用以修飾另一個(gè)名詞:

  frontier towns; 邊境城鎮(zhèn);

  frontier law. 邊境法規(guī)

  單項(xiàng)填空

  Her handkerchief has a blue , which makes it special in the room.

  A. Border B. line C. map D.sign

  解析:選A。句意為:她的手帕有一個(gè)藍(lán)色的花邊,這使它在房間 里很特別。border此處意為“邊飾”。

  3. measure vi.&vt. 測(cè)量;衡量;判定

  n.[C,U] 尺寸;量具;計(jì)量單位;措施;(一定的)量,程度

  常用結(jié)構(gòu):

  measure A by B 用B衡量A

  sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物長(zhǎng)4米寬2米

  measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb’s measure

  給某人量身做一套衣服

  take measures 采取措施

  beyond measure 無法估計(jì);極度

  full/short measure 足量/不足量

  in full measure 最大程度地,最大限度地

  in some/equal measure 在某種/同等程度上

  in a measure 或in some measure 在某種程度上:

  The new law was in a measure harmful. 新的法律在某種程度上說是有害的

  What measures shall we take to find out the thief? 我們采取什么措施抓住那個(gè)賊?

  Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用這把尺子能量得準(zhǔn)嗎?

  It’s hard to measure his ability when we haven’t seen his work. 沒有見過他的作品, 很難估計(jì)他的能力。

  Our thanks are due in equal measure to every member of the team.我們同樣感謝每一位隊(duì)員。

  We must take preventive measures to reduce crime in the area. 我們必須采取預(yù)防措施來減少這個(gè)地區(qū)的犯罪。

  (1)完成句子

 �、賂he tailor made a suit (為我量身訂做).

 �、赟uccess isn’ t (以……衡量) how much money you have.

  (2)翻譯句子

 �、傥覀兘淌业某叽缡情L(zhǎng)10米寬6米。

  ②一棵高達(dá)30米的樹被砍倒了。

  答案:

  (1)①to my measure②measured by

  (2)①Our classroom measures 10 metres by 6 metres.

 �、贏 tree measuring 30 metres was cut down.

  4. distance n. 距離;遠(yuǎn)方;v. 不介入,與……疏遠(yuǎn)

  常用結(jié)構(gòu):

  at a distance 隔一段距離;距離稍遠(yuǎn)

  in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)方

  out of distance from 離……太遠(yuǎn);達(dá)不到

  keep sb. at a distance 對(duì)……冷淡;與……疏遠(yuǎn)

  keep distance from 與……保持距離

  distance oneself from 使遠(yuǎn)離;使疏遠(yuǎn)

  My house is four miles' distance from the sea. 我家離海4英里。

  What’s the distance to Beijing? 到北京的距離是多少?

  The beach is within walking distance of my house.

  海灘離我家很近,走幾步路就到了。

  We saw lights in the distance.我們看到了遠(yuǎn)處的燈火。

  She was warned to keep her distance from John if she didn?t want to get hurt. 有人警告她說,如果不想受到傷害就離約翰遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。

  After he retired, he tried to distance himself from politics. 退休后,他便盡量使自己遠(yuǎn)離政治。

  拓展

  distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)處的;久遠(yuǎn)的

  5. mix vt.&vi. 混合;調(diào)配

  常用結(jié)構(gòu): mix A and/with B 把A與B混合起來 mix sth. up 把某物拌和;混淆某物 mix sth. in/into把某物摻進(jìn)去 be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 與某事有關(guān);與某人混在一起 The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 藥劑師給我配了些藥。 Oil and water don?t mix. 油和水不能混合。 Oil won?t mix with water. 油不能和水混合。

  拓展 mixture n.[U,C] 混合(物);混合狀態(tài)

  用mix相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①Don’t try to business pleasure. ②Mix the eggs the flour. ③I don’ t want to in the affair. 答案:①mix; with②into③be mixed up 6. impress vt.使印象深刻;使銘記

  常用結(jié)構(gòu): impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth.使某人銘記某事

  The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists.外國(guó)游客無一不對(duì)該市留有深刻印象。 We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高,我們極為欽佩。

  impression n.[C]印象;感想 impressive adj.給人印象深刻的;令人敬佩的 make/give/create an impression on/upon... 給……一個(gè)印象 have/get the impression that/of 有……的印象

  用impress相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空

 �、貴ather me the value of hard work.

 �、贠ne candidate in particular us her knowledge.

 �、踄ou an excellent us.

 �、躓hen I first met him I he was a humorous man.

  答案:①impressed on②impressed; with

 �、踡ade; impression upon④had the impression that

  重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

  7. settle down 舒適地坐下或躺下;(使)安靜、安頓、安心;習(xí)慣于新的生活方式/工作等

  She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒適地坐在扶手椅上看書。

  When are you going to marry and settle down? 你什么時(shí)候結(jié)婚過上安定生活?

  拓展

  settle down to doing sth.使……安下心來做某事

  settle (down) in ... 在……定本居下來 settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解決爭(zhēng)端/爭(zhēng)論/問題

  (1)單項(xiàng)填空 New water wells encouraged people near the wells. A. to be settled down B. to settle down C. to be settling down D. to live down (2)完成句子

  Something is disturbing him, so he can’t (安下心來) his work. (3)用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 He finally settled down to (do) his homework. 解析: (1)選B。

  考查固定搭配。encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事;settle down 定居。 (2)settle down to(3)doing

  8. catch sight of 看見 She said that she caught sight of me in the crowd. 她說她在人群中一下子就看見了我。

  拓展

  at first sight 初次見到時(shí);乍看上去

  at the sight of 一看見……就……

  lose sight of 看不見

  out of sight 看不見(視野之外)

  in/within sight 看得見;在眼前

  單項(xiàng)填空

  There was nobody when the man came round the corner.

  A. out of sight B. at sight

  C. lose sight D. in sight

  解析:選D。根據(jù)句意可知,空格處的意思應(yīng)該是“視野之內(nèi);看見”。in sight 看得見;在眼前。

  9. as far as 遠(yuǎn)到,直到;至于

  I’ll walk with you as far as the post office. 我會(huì)陪你走到郵局。

  I’ve read as far as the third chapter. 我已讀到第三章了。

  拓展

  as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看來/所說/所記得

  as/so far as sb./sth. is concerned 就某人/事而言

  far from sth. 毫不;一點(diǎn)也不; 遠(yuǎn)非

  So far, so good. (諺) 到目前為止,一切都很順利。

  完成句子

 �、� (對(duì)我個(gè)人來說), you can do what you like.

  ②The problem is (絕非易事).

 �、踂e’ll go by train (直到) London, and then take a bus.

  答案:①As far as I’m concerned②far from easy

  ③as far as

  10. in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處;在遠(yuǎn)方

  We can see the mountain in the distance. 我們從遠(yuǎn)處就可以看到那座山。

  Night fell, the hills in the distance turn dark blue. 夜色漸近,遠(yuǎn)處的山變成了深藍(lán)色。

  拓展

  at a distance 隔一段距離,距離稍遠(yuǎn)一些

  from a distance 從遠(yuǎn)方

  keep a distance 別靠近;保持距離

  keep sb. at a distance 對(duì)某人保持疏遠(yuǎn)

  用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空

 �、賅e can see a windmill the distance.

 �、赥he picture looks better a distance.

  答案:

  ①in②at

  11. have a gift for 對(duì)……有天賦

  gifted adj. 有天賦的,有才的

  He has a gift for dancing.他有跳舞的天賦。

  Mother has a gift for making people feel at home. 媽媽有一種總讓人感覺像在自己家一樣的天賦。

  The composer is also a gifted pianist. 這位作曲家也是位很有天賦的鋼琴家。

  單項(xiàng)填空

  You have a for music and I think you can have a chance to be a great singer.

  A. Power B. skill C. energy D. gift

  解析:選D。

  考查固定搭配。have a gift for對(duì)……有天賦。

  高中是人生中的關(guān)鍵階段,大家一定要好好把握高中,編輯老師為大家整理的英語(yǔ)高中二年級(jí)必修3知識(shí)點(diǎn),希望大家喜歡。

  (責(zé)任編輯:彭海芝)

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