北師大版高二英語必修5Unit13 People重點語法
在高中英語學(xué)習(xí)中語法的掌握是很重要的,以下是高二英語必修5Unit13 People重點語法,請大家參考。
Although the cities were crowded, the country was beautiful. I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game. The shops have remained shut for a week.
1. 過去分詞做賓語補足語
一般及物釘刺的過去分詞作賓語補足語,與賓語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。也有少數(shù)不及物動詞的過去分詞作
補足語,表示完成意義。句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,賓語補足語相應(yīng)變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語。
Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed. To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war.
A liar cannot make himself believed. I want the problem settled tonight. I ever heard the song sung in French.
2. 過去分詞作狀語
過去分詞在句中作狀語,可以表示時間、原因、條件、方式或伴隨等,相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。
She soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey. (表示原因) Given more time, Tom could have finished it. (表示條件)
Repaired many times, the car still broke down on the road. (表示讓步)
I finally reached the finishing line utterly exhausted.(表示伴隨情況)
The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his dog. (表示伴隨情況)
Asked about his family, he made no answer. (表示時間)
Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help to come. (表時間)
Frightened by the noise outside, the little girl dared not sleep in her bedroom. (表原因)
情態(tài)動詞表推測
· 基本用法
1. 表推測時,英語中只使用must, may, might, may not和can't。這五個表達的語氣依次遞減: must:一定(語氣肯定) may:也許(不很肯定)
might:或許(比may語氣更弱) may not:也許不(表否定) can't:一定不(must的反義)
2. 推測現(xiàn)在的事情用must, may, might, may not和can't+ do或be。如: She must be at home now. The boy may play now.
3. 推測過去的事情用must, may, might, may not和can't+ have done 如: She might have been ill yesterday. He must have hold the party.
情態(tài)動詞must, can, could, may, might表推測具體用法如下: must的用法
1. 表示推測“可能性”時,意思是“一定、準(zhǔn)是”,語氣較肯定,較有把握。如:
He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他準(zhǔn)是個美國人。
2. must表推測只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思時,應(yīng)用can’t,如詢問某種可能 時,應(yīng)用can。如:
He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。(一定) He can’t know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。(一定不) Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址嗎?(詢問可能性)
3. must表示推測時,可以推測現(xiàn)在/正在發(fā)生的動作/過去發(fā)生的動作。如: He must have a car now. (現(xiàn)在)他一定有輛小汽車。
He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.(正在進行)他一定在教室里做練習(xí)。
He must have finished the work.(過去發(fā)生)他一定已完成了工作。 注:must表示推測時很少用于將來的情況。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用It`s certain / I’m
sure that he will come tomorrow.
4. 在反意疑問句中,當(dāng)附屬部分含有表示推測意義的must時,疑問部分的助動詞應(yīng)與must后面的動詞在非推測情況下的用法保持一致。 如:
He must be a worker, isn’t he? (現(xiàn)在)他準(zhǔn)是個工人,是嗎? It must have rained last night, didn’t it? (過去)昨晚一定下雨了,是不是?
You must have learned English for many years, haven’t you? (完成時)你一定學(xué)了好多年英語,是嗎? can / could的用法
1. can表示推測“可能性”時,往往用于否定句或疑問句。can't“一定不”,語氣很肯定。can在疑問句中
意思是“會,可能”。用于肯定句時,表示理論上的,潛在的可能性(有傾向,實際上未必會發(fā)生或者不涉及實際是否發(fā)生)往往與sometimes或者 someone 有關(guān)。如: Accidents can happen.
He can’t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。
2. can /can’t后可接進行時/完成時,表示對現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作或過去發(fā)生的動作進行推測。
They can’t be reading in the library. 他們一定不在圖書館讀書。 He can’t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. 他不可能去了上海,我剛才還看見他。 It’s so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了,她可能去哪兒了呢?
3. 在反意疑問句中,當(dāng)陳述部分含有表示推測意義的can't時,疑問部分的助動詞應(yīng)與can't后面的動詞在非推測情況下的用法保持一致。如:
She can’t have finished her homework, has she? 她一定沒有完成家庭作業(yè),是不是?
4. could可用于表示某事有可能發(fā)生表示可能性不大的推測。意思相當(dāng)于may/might 如:
Don’t eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它,可能有毒。
The plane could be delayed by fog. 飛機可能會因為霧晚點。 5. could還可以用于表示客氣、委婉、禮貌的請求語氣。如: Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station? Could you help me?
6. couldn't 表示否定推測,表示某事不可能真實,或由于特定事實或環(huán)境某事肯定不會發(fā)生。如:
It couldn't possibly be poison. 這不可能是毒藥。
表示對過去發(fā)生的事推測,常常和have done 連用,如:
He was not at home last night . He could/ might have gone to movies. I didn't see her at the meeting yesterday; she couldn't have spoken at the meeting. may和might的用法
1. may, might表示推測“可能性”時,意思是“可能”,“也許”,語氣沒有 must肯定。如:
He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American. 他可能是個美國人。
注:might不表示過去時態(tài),只是語氣上比may更委婉,表示的可能性更小。
2. may, might表推測時,可以用于否定句,意思是“可能不、也許不”,但不用于疑問句。
He may / might not be at home. 他也許不在家。
3. may, might可以推測現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作或過去發(fā)生的動作。如: The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. (現(xiàn)在) 這個男孩可能沒在家看電視。
These students may / might have seen the film before.(過去) 這些學(xué)生以前可能看過這部電影。
4. may, might還可以推測將來的情況。如:
I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain. 我想我們應(yīng)該帶上雨衣,可能要下雨了。 She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不來。
以上是高二英語必修5Unit13 People重點語法的全部內(nèi)容,希望同學(xué)們可以認(rèn)真掌握,才能取得更好的成績。
(責(zé)任編輯:彭海芝)
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