高二英語下冊語法要點之Unit 5 Theme parks
英語是最多國家使用的官方語言,育路小編為大家推薦了高二英語下冊語法要點之Unit 5 Theme parks,希望大家認真復(fù)習(xí)。
一.語法要點
構(gòu)詞法
在英語中,詞的構(gòu)成方法主要有三種:合成,轉(zhuǎn)化,派生。
1.合成(compounding)—將兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞,有的用連字符號“-”連接,有的直接寫在一起,還有的由分開的兩個詞構(gòu)成。
如:up-to-date ice-cream passer-by blackboard nightfall
cowboy newspaper bus stop post office car park
合成詞常見的構(gòu)成方法:
⑴ adj. + n. + ed Eg: kind-hearted 好心腸的 good-tempered 脾氣好的
�、� adj. + v.-ing Eg: good-looking 好看的 easy-going 隨和的
�、� adv. + v.-ing Eg: hard-working 勤勞的 far-reaching 深遠的
�、� n. + v.-ing Eg: peace-loving 熱愛和平的 epoch-making 劃時代的
�、� n. + v.-ed Eg: Chinese-designed 中國設(shè)計的 heartfelt由衷的
�、� adv. + v.-ed Eg: widely-used廣泛的 well-known 著名的
⑺ adj. + n. Eg: large-scale 大規(guī)模的 well-known 著名的
�、� n. + adj. Eg: airsick 暈飛機的 duty-free 免稅的
⑼基數(shù)詞 + n. + adj. Eg: four-year-old 四歲的 ten-foot-deep 十英尺深的
合成名詞常見的構(gòu)成方法
�、� n. + n. Eg: silkworm 蠶 half-moon 半月
�、� adj. + n. Eg: double-dealer 兩面派 shorthand 速記
�、� v-ing + n. Eg: waiting-room 侯車室 sleeping-pill 安眠藥
�、� v. + n. Eg: pickpocket 扒手 break-water 防洪堤
⑸ n. + v.-ing Eg: handwriting 書法 sun-bathing 日光浴
�、� v. + adv. Eg: get-together 聯(lián)歡會 break-through 突破
⑺ adv. + v. Eg: outbreak 爆發(fā) downfall 垮臺
合成動詞常見的構(gòu)成方法
�、� n. + v. Eg: sleep-walk 夢游
�、� adv. + v. Eg: overthrow 推翻 undergo 經(jīng)歷
⑶ adj. + v. Eg: whitewash 粉刷 blacklist 列入黑名單
其它合成詞:maybe或許 myself我自己 moreover而且 forever永遠
2.轉(zhuǎn)化(conversion)—由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性。
⑴ v. à n.
Eg: Theme parks charge money for admission. (v. 收費)
Theme parks expect to make a profit by the charge for admission. (n. 費用)
�、� n. à v.
Eg: Visitors can take an active part in experiment in science theme parks. (n. 實驗)
Inventors have to experiment with what they have invented. (v. 做實驗)
�、� adj. à v.
Eg: Her room is clean and tidy. (adj. 干凈的)à She cleans her rjoom every day. (v. 打掃)
�、� adv. à v.
Eg: He went in and sat down. (adv. 下來)à The army downed a plane. (v. 擊落)
3.派生(derivation)—由一個詞根加上前綴或后綴構(gòu)成另一個詞。
⑴前綴
dis-(否定):agree(同意)à disagree(不同意);like(喜歡)à dislike(不喜歡)
un-(不):happy(高興)à unhappy(不高興);able(能夠)à unable(不能)
in-(il-, im-, ir-)(非,不):correct(正確的)à incorrect(不正確的)
non-(不無):stop(停止的)à nonstop(不停的)
re-(再):write(寫)à rewrite(重寫)
�、坪缶Y
構(gòu)成名詞的后綴:
-er: buy(買)à buyer(買主); -ese: Janan(日本)à Japanese(日本人);
-ist: social(社會)à socialist(社會主義者); -th: true( 真實的)à truth(真理);
-ian: music(音樂)à musician(音樂家); -ness: ill(有病的)à illness(病);
-ment: agree(同意)à agreement(同意); -tin: collect( 收集)à collection(收集)
構(gòu)成形容詞的后綴:
-al: nation(民族)à national(民族的); -ful: care(小心)à careful(小心的)
-y: cloud(云)à cloudy(多云的) -ing: excite(使…興奮)à exciting(興奮的)
構(gòu)成動詞的后綴:
-fy: beauty(美麗)à beautify(美化); -is(z)e: real(真的)à realize(實現(xiàn))
構(gòu)成副詞的后綴: -ly: easy(容易的)—>easily(容易地)
構(gòu)成數(shù)詞的后綴:
-teen: third(三)à thirteen(十三); -ty: four(四)à forty(四十);
-th: twelve(十二)à twelfth(第十二)
二.重點難點
1.Parks provide people with a place to amuse themselves and escape their busy lives ofr a while.
amuse oneself 自我娛樂,消遣
escape v.“逃脫”,液體等“漏出”,“逃避”,被…遺忘
escape death 死里逃生
2.Though parks share this basic purpose, they find various ways to meet this need.
meet可與need, requirement等名詞連用,表示“滿足…需要,要求”等。
3.The big companies that own theme parks expect to make a profit not just by the charges for admission, but also by selling souvenirs in their shops and advertising them on television.
by通過…方式或手段;advertising與selling并列,其前面省略了by.
not just … but also = not only … but also…(有時省略also)
4.Its purpose is to involve visitors in physical exercise and athletic competition.
involve … in 使參與…;使介入…
5.… and there are future parks, where people can go on imaginary into to space and use advanced computer techniques to experience life in the future …
go on a trip (進行)旅行,還可以說take a trip, make a trip, have a trip等
future adj. 未來的,將來的;n.未來,前途,前景
與future搭配的詞組:in future以后,今后;in the future 在將來;in the distant future 在將來
6.When I did finally go to the theme park, I found that it was very different.
運用語氣副詞,如:really, extremely, certainly, of course, only等
使用強調(diào)句型:it is/was + 被強調(diào)的部分+that+其它部分
在一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的陳述句中,可在動詞原形前加do, does, did來加強語氣。譯為“確實,務(wù)必”
7.How about a trip to Brazil to experience surviving an airplane crash in a jungle?
how about 接動名詞或動詞-ing形式表示“…怎么樣,…行嗎?”相當(dāng)于what about
三.功能句型
問路(Asking the way)
How far is/are …? It’s about 10 minutes walk.
How can we get to …? It’s about 200 meters away.
It’s just behind the … Over there is the …
Can/Could you tell/show me where …? Down the path you can see …
Go down this path and turn left/right at the first turning.
四. 重點單詞及短語
單詞
�、� amuse vt. 使(某人)笑,娛樂,消遣
amusement n.娛樂,消遣
② various adj. 不同種類的,各個的,各種各樣的
variety n. 變化,多樣化
variety (of sth.) 各種各樣的
�、� charge v. 索價,指控,進攻;n. 費用,主管
�、� advance v. 前進,促進,提前
advanced adj. 在生命或進程中遠遠在前的,高深的,高級的,先進的
⑤ minority n.少數(shù),未成年,小團體
�、� alive adj. 活著的,活潑的,有活力的
alive and kicking 生機勃勃,精神飽滿
⑦ admission n. 允許進入或獲準(zhǔn)進入某建筑物,入場費,承認,坦白
⑧ profit n. 收益,利潤,好處;v. 從(經(jīng)驗,失誤中)吸取教訓(xùn)
profit by sth.
profit from sth. 得益于某事物,從…中獲益
⑨ imagination n. 想象力,空想,幻想物
imagine v. 想象,設(shè)想
imaginary adj. 幻想的,虛構(gòu)的
imaginative adj. 富于想象力
⑩ up-to-date adf. 現(xiàn)代的,時新的
短語
make a profit 贏利
come to life 活躍起來
be named after 以…取名
get close to 接近
base … on/upon 基于,以…為根據(jù)
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