成人高考高起點英語虛擬語氣誤用辨析
2008-06-17 15:52:45 來源：育路成人高考頻道
1.中文：我要是你，我不會那么做。
（誤）I shouldn’t do that if I was you.
�。ㄕ㊣ shouldn’t do that if I were you.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣不能用was，只能用were.）
2.中文：要是我父親現(xiàn)在在這里，他會告訴我該做什么。
�。ㄕ`）If my father were here now， he will tell me what to do.
�。ㄕ㊣f my father were here now， he would tell me what to do.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的助動詞只能用would，might等過去時。）
3.中文：要是我知道她的電話號碼，我就會給她打電話了。
�。ㄕ`）If I knew her telephone number， I would have called her.
�。ㄕ㊣f I had known her telephone number， I would have called her.（表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞要用過去完成時。）
4.中文：要是昨天沒下雨她也許會來。
�。ㄕ`）If it had not rained yesterday， he might come.
（正）If it had not rained yesterday， he might have come.（表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的動詞要用助動詞的過去時might，could等＋HAVE＋過去分詞。）
5.中文：我不認為我會失敗，但要是我失敗了，我會再努力。
�。ㄕ`）I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I failed， I would try again.
�。ㄕ㊣ don’t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail， I would try again.（表示與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞用should加原形動詞。）
6.中文：他要是帶了錢就會買它。
�。ㄕ`）Did he bring some money with him， he would have bought it.
�。ㄕ〩ad he brought some money with him， he would have bought it.（表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞要用過去完成時，若省略if，則用倒裝形式。）
7.中文：她要是個男人可能會當選總統(tǒng)。
（誤）Be she a man， she might be elected president.
�。ㄕ￤ere she a man， she might be elected president.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，不能用was，只能用were；若省略if，則將were放在句首。）
8.中文：我提議提高教師的薪資。
�。ㄕ`）I suggested that the teachers’ wages could be increased.
�。ㄕ㊣ suggested that the teachers’ wages should be increased.（suggest當建議講時，后面的名詞從句的主要動詞要用should加原形動詞，should可以省略。）
9.中文：他這么做是重要的。
（誤）It is important that he will do it.
�。ㄕ㊣t is important that he do it.（It is important＋that引導的名詞從句的動詞要用should加原形動詞，should可以省略。）
（誤）I shouldn’t do that if I was you.
�。ㄕ㊣ shouldn’t do that if I were you.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣不能用was，只能用were.）
2.中文：要是我父親現(xiàn)在在這里，他會告訴我該做什么。
�。ㄕ`）If my father were here now， he will tell me what to do.
�。ㄕ㊣f my father were here now， he would tell me what to do.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的助動詞只能用would，might等過去時。）
3.中文：要是我知道她的電話號碼，我就會給她打電話了。
�。ㄕ`）If I knew her telephone number， I would have called her.
�。ㄕ㊣f I had known her telephone number， I would have called her.（表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞要用過去完成時。）
4.中文：要是昨天沒下雨她也許會來。
�。ㄕ`）If it had not rained yesterday， he might come.
（正）If it had not rained yesterday， he might have come.（表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的動詞要用助動詞的過去時might，could等＋HAVE＋過去分詞。）
5.中文：我不認為我會失敗，但要是我失敗了，我會再努力。
�。ㄕ`）I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I failed， I would try again.
�。ㄕ㊣ don’t think that I shall fail. But if I should fail， I would try again.（表示與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞用should加原形動詞。）
6.中文：他要是帶了錢就會買它。
�。ㄕ`）Did he bring some money with him， he would have bought it.
�。ㄕ〩ad he brought some money with him， he would have bought it.（表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞要用過去完成時，若省略if，則用倒裝形式。）
7.中文：她要是個男人可能會當選總統(tǒng)。
（誤）Be she a man， she might be elected president.
�。ㄕ￤ere she a man， she might be elected president.（表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，不能用was，只能用were；若省略if，則將were放在句首。）
8.中文：我提議提高教師的薪資。
�。ㄕ`）I suggested that the teachers’ wages could be increased.
�。ㄕ㊣ suggested that the teachers’ wages should be increased.（suggest當建議講時，后面的名詞從句的主要動詞要用should加原形動詞，should可以省略。）
9.中文：他這么做是重要的。
（誤）It is important that he will do it.
�。ㄕ㊣t is important that he do it.（It is important＋that引導的名詞從句的動詞要用should加原形動詞，should可以省略。）
